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Rig Veda 3.4.10: Mandala 3, Sukta 4, Mantra 10

Sukta 3.4

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (attribution for RV 3.4)
Devata: Agni (as Hotṛ/Śamitṛ) with Vanaspati invoked as ritual support
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वनस्पतेऽव सृजोप देवानग्निर्हविः शमिता सूदयाति । सेदु होता सत्यतरो यजाति यथा देवानां जनिमानि वेद ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 3.4.10
Transliteration

vánaspáte’vá sṛjópa devā́n agnír havíḥ śamitā́ sūdayāti | séd u hotā́ satyátaro yajāti yáthā devā́nāṃ jánimāni véda ||

Translation

Wahai Vanaspati (Tuan Rimba, kayu suci), lepaskanlah dan dekatkanlah para dewa; Agni, penyedia yang mahir, menyediakan persembahan (havis). Maka sesungguhnya Hotṛ, yang lebih benar, melaksanakan yajña, kerana ia mengetahui kelahiran-kelahiran (asal-usul dan tata cara yang tepat) para dewa.

Word by Word
वनस्पतेO lord of the wood (O Vanaspati)
वनस्पते:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootवनस्-पति (प्रातिपदिक) < पति
अवdown; forth; away (directive particle)
अव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (उपसर्ग/निपात)
सृजrelease; let go; send forth
सृज:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√सृज् (सृजति)
उपtowards; near; up to
उप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/निपात)
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्निःAgni (fire-god)
अग्निः:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
हविःthe oblation
हविः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (प्रातिपदिक)
शमिताthe preparer/arranger (of the offering)
शमिता:
कर्ता (अग्नेः विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeNoun
Rootशमितृ (प्रातिपदिक) < √शम्/√शम (शमयति) ‘to prepare/arrange/quiet’
सूदयातिimpels; sets in motion; brings (it) on
सूदयाति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√सूदय्/√सूद् (सूदयति) ‘to impel, set in motion, bring on’
सःhe
सः:
कर्ता
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इदुindeed; just
इदु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइदु (निपात; emphatic)
होताthe Hotṛ-priest (invoker)
होता:
कर्ता (सः = होता)
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (प्रातिपदिक) < √हु (जुहोति)
सत्यतरःtruer; most true (more true)
सत्यतरः:
विशेषण (होतुः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्यतर (प्रातिपदिक; तद्धित-तरा, comparative of सत्य)
यजातिworships; performs sacrifice
यजाति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√यज् (यजति)
यथाas; in such a way that
यथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
देवानाम्of the gods
देवानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
जनिमानिbirths; begettings; origins
जनिमानि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootजनिमन् (प्रातिपदिक) < √जन् (जनति/जायते) ‘to be born’
वेदknows
वेद:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (वेद) ‘to know’
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