Rig Veda 3.30.21: Mandala 3, Sukta 30, Mantra 21

Sukta 3.30

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (Kauśika)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ नो गोत्रा दर्दृहि गोपते गाः समस्मभ्यं सनयो यन्तु वाजाः । दिवक्षा असि वृषभ सत्यशुष्मोऽस्मभ्यं सु मघवन्बोधि गोदाः ॥

Transliteration

ā nó gotrā́ dadṛrhi gopate gā́ḥ sám asmábhyaṃ sanáyo yantu vā́jāḥ | divákṣā asi vṛṣabha satyáśuṣmo ’smábhyaṃ sú maghavan bodhi godā́ḥ ||

Translation

Bukalah bagi kami kandang-kandang lembu, wahai tuan kawanan; biarlah hasil-hasil kelimpahan berhimpun kepada kami. Engkau Banteng yang menggerakkan langit, berdaya benar; sedarkanlah bagi kami, wahai Maghavan yang pemurah, sebagai pemberi sinar pengetahuan.

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Word by Word

• आ: hither, towards
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• नः: to us / for us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• गोत्रा: cow-stalls, enclosures (pens)
• गोत्रा: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोत्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• दर्दृहि: make firm, strengthen
• दर्दृहि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृंह्/दृह् (धातु; ‘दृंह्’ = दृढीकरणे, strengthen/firm)

• गोपते: O lord of cows / cowherd-lord
• गोपते: —
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: गो-पति (प्रातिपदिक)

• गाः: cows
• गाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग) / sam (preverb)

• अस्मभ्यम्: to us
• अस्मभ्यम्: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• सनयः: gains, winnings
• सनयः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सनय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘gain, winning, acquisition’)

• यन्तु: let them come
• यन्तु: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु; गत्यर्थ)

• वाजाः: prizes, spoils, strengths
• वाजाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (प्रातिपदिक)

• दिवक्षाः: sky-dwelling / having heaven as abode
• दिवक्षाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective/Noun (epithet)
• Root: दिव-क्षस्/दिवक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक; RV epithet)

• असि: thou art
• असि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु; ‘to be’)

• वृषभ: O bull (mighty one)
• वृषभ: —
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: वृषभ (प्रातिपदिक)

• सत्यशुष्मः: of true might, truly powerful
• सत्यशुष्मः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्य-शुष्म (प्रातिपदिक; तत्पुरुष)

• अस्मभ्यम्: to us
• अस्मभ्यम्: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• सु: well, indeed
• सु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सु (निपात)

• मघवन्: O bountiful one (Indra)
• मघवन्: —
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: मघवन् (प्रातिपदिक; epithet of Indra = ‘bountiful’)

• बोधि: be awake, take notice
• बोधि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: बुध् (धातु; अवबोधने)

• गोदाः: giver of cows
• गोदाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: गो-द (प्रातिपदिक; ‘giver of cows’)