Rig Veda 10.73.6: Mandala 10, Sukta 73, Mantra 6

Sukta 10.73

Rishi: Likely Gaurivīti Śāktya (traditional Anukramaṇī attribution for RV 10.73; verify against specific śākhā lists)

Devata: Indra (with implicit support of Uṣas as illumination)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सनामाना चिद्ध्वसयो न्यस्मा अवाहन्निन्द्र उषसो यथानः । ऋष्वैरगच्छः सखिभिर्निकामैः साकं प्रतिष्ठा हृद्या जघन्थ ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.73.6

Transliteration

sá-nāmānā cid dhvasáyo ny àsmā ávāhan índra uṣáso yáthā ánaḥ | ṛṣváir agacchaḥ sákhibhir níkāmaiḥ sā́kaṃ pratiṣṭhā́ hṛ́dyā jaghantha ||

Translation

Bahkan kuasa-kuasa purba yang membinasakan pun ditundukkan baginya, wahai Indra, sebagaimana fajar-fajar digerakkan maju laksana kereta. Dengan sahabat-sahabat luhur yang sekehendak engkau mara; bersama-sama engkau memukul rintangan yang melukai hati, yang menghalang tempat berdiri.

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Word by Word

• सनामानाः: ever-ancient, perennial
• सनामानाः: कर्तृ (उषसः-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सनामन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सनाम’ = पुरातन/सदैव) + -अन्

• चित्: even, indeed
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (अव्यय/निपात)

• ध्वसयः: ruins, decays; destructive forces
• ध्वसयः: कर्तृ (अवाहन् इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ध्वसि/ध्वस (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ध्वंस/क्षय/विनाश’)

• नि: down, into
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग)

• अस्मै: to him
• अस्मै: सम्प्रदान (to him = Indra)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• अवाहन्: they carried/led down, brought
• अवाहन्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वह् (वहति) + उपसर्ग अव-

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: कर्तृ (अगच्छः/जघन्थ इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• उषसः: the Dawns
• उषसः: कर्तृ (अवाहन् इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यथा: as, just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)

• नः: of us, our
• नः: सम्बन्ध (our)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• ऋष्वैः: with lofty/strong (ones/means)
• ऋष्वैः: करण (with lofty/strong [helpers/means])
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋष्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• अगच्छः: you went, you came
• अगच्छः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (गच्छति)

• सखिभिः: with friends
• सखिभिः: करण (with friends/allies)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक)

• निकामैः: with willing (ones), at will
• निकामैः: करण (willingly/according to desire)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निकाम (प्रातिपदिक; नि- + काम ‘desire/pleasure’; ‘at will, willingly’)

• साकम्: together
• साकम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साकम् (अव्यय)

• प्रतिष्ठाः: firm standings, foundations
• प्रतिष्ठाः: कर्म (objects affected: ‘supports/firm standings’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतिष्ठा (प्रातिपदिक)

• हृद्याः: heart-pleasing, dear
• हृद्याः: विशेषण (प्रतिष्ठाः-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हृद्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• जघन्थ: you struck down, you smote
• जघन्थ: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हन् (हन्ति)