Rig Veda 10.45.12: Mandala 10, Sukta 45, Mantra 12

Sukta 10.45

Devata: Agni Vaiśvānara; also Dyāvā-Pṛthivī and the collective Devāḥ invoked

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अस्ताव्यग्निर्नरां सुशेवो वैश्वानर ऋषिभिः सोमगोपाः । अद्वेषे द्यावापृथिवी हुवेम देवा धत्त रयिमस्मे सुवीरम् ॥

Transliteration

ástāvy agnír narā́ṃ su-śévo vaiśvānará ṛ́ṣibhiḥ sóma-gopāḥ | advéṣe dyā́vā-pṛthivī́ huvema devā́ dhatta rayím asmḗ su-vī́ram ||

Translation

Agni, yang membawa kebaikan bagi manusia, Vaiśvānara, telah dipuji oleh para rishi, para penjaga Soma. Dalam damai tanpa permusuhan kami menyeru Langit dan Bumi: wahai para Deva, tegakkanlah dalam diri kami rayi—kelimpahan rohani—yang kaya dengan kekuatan kepahlawanan.

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Word by Word

• अस्तावि: was praised / has been hymned
• अस्तावि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्तु (√stu)

• अग्निः: Agni (Fire-god)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (prātipadika)

• नराम्: of men
• नराम्: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (prātipadika)

• सुशेवः: very gracious / benevolent
• सुशेवः: Viśeṣaṇa (of Kartā)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-शेव (prātipadika; su- + शेव ‘kind, gracious’)

• वैश्वानरः: Vaiśvānara (Agni as ‘belonging to all men’)
• वैश्वानरः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वैश्वानर (prātipadika)

• ऋषिभिः: by/with the seers
• ऋषिभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (prātipadika)

• सोमगोपाः: Soma-guardians (keepers of Soma)
• सोमगोपाः: Kartā (of implied ‘praised’/agents) or appositional epithet to ऋषिभिः in sense
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: सोम-गोपा (prātipadika; soma + gopā ‘guardian’)

• अद्वेषे: in the two (who are) without hatred
• अद्वेषे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अ-द्वेष (prātipadika; a- + द्वेष ‘hatred’)

• द्यावापृथिवी: Heaven and Earth
• द्यावापृथिवी: Karma (object of हुवेम)
• Type: Noun (dual compound)
• Root: द्यावा-पृथिवी (dvandva prātipadika)

• हुवेम: may we invoke / let us call
• हुवेम: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ह्वे (√hve)

• देवाः: O gods / the gods
• देवाः: Sambodhyā/Prayojaka (addressed agents) / Kartā (of धत्त)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (prātipadika)

• धत्त: place, bestow
• धत्त: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (√dhā)

• रयिम्: wealth
• रयिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रयि (prātipadika)

• अस्मे: to us
• अस्मे: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (pronoun)

• सुवीरम्: rich in heroes / having good sons or brave men
• सुवीरम्: Viśeṣaṇa (of Karma)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-वीर (prātipadika; su- + वीर)