Rig Veda 10.145.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 145, Mantra 3
Sukta 10.145
Devata: Self-assertion empowered by Oṣadhi/Charm (implicit); no single high devatā directly addressed
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उत्तराहमुत्तर उत्तरेदुत्तराभ्यः । अथा सपत्नी या ममाधरा साधराभ्यः ॥
Transliteration
uttárā́ham uttará uttáred úttarābhyaḥ | áthā sapátnī yā́ mamā́dharā sā́dharābhyaḥ ||
Translation
Aku naik mengatasi—mengatasi, sentiasa mengatasi yang lain; maka saingan yang di bawahku menjadi lebih bawah daripada yang bawah—dicampakkan ke lapisan-lapisan rendah tabiat.
Word by Word
उत्तरा(I am) the higher/upper (woman)
उत्तरा:
Kartā (elliptical: ‘I (am) the higher/upper one’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootउत्तर (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *up- ‘up, over’
अहम्I
अहम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootअहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उत्तराhigher/upper
उत्तरा:
Kartā (elliptical repetition for emphasis)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootउत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
उत्तरे(we) two are higher
उत्तरे:
Kartā (elliptical: ‘we two are higher’ / emphatic pairing)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootउत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
उत्and/indeed; further
उत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (particle)
Rootउत् (निपात)
उत्तराभ्यःfrom/than the higher (women)
उत्तराभ्यः:
Apādāna (ablative sense: ‘from the higher ones’) / or relational (genitive: ‘of the higher ones’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootउत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
अथthen/now
अथ:
—
TypeIndeclinable (particle)
Rootअथ (निपात)
सपत्नीco-wife; rival wife
सपत्नी:
Kartā (of the relative clause with implied ‘is’)
TypeNoun
Rootसपत्नी (प्रातिपदिक: स- + पत्नी)
याwho
या:
Kartā (relative: ‘who’)
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ममof me; my
मम:
सम्बन्ध (genitival relation)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अधराlower; inferior
अधरा:
Kartā (predicate adjective with implied ‘is’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअधर (प्रातिपदिक)
साshe
सा:
Kartā (resumptive: ‘she’)
TypeDemonstrative pronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अधराभ्यःfrom/than the lower (women)
अधराभ्यः:
Apādāna (ablative: ‘from/below the lower ones’) / or relational (genitive)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअधर (प्रातिपदिक)
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