Rig Veda 10.102.8: Mandala 10, Sukta 102, Mantra 8

Sukta 10.102

Rishi: Mudgala

Devata: Indra (implicit as giver of taviṣī/nṛmṇa)

Chandas: Trishtubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

शुनमष्ट्राव्यचरत्कपर्दी वरत्रायां दार्वानह्यमानः । नृम्णानि कृण्वन्बहवे जनाय गाः पस्पशानस्तविषीरधत्त ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.102.8

Transliteration

śunám aṣṭrāvy ácarat kapardī́ varatrā́yāṃ dā́rv ā́nahyamānaḥ | nṛmnā́ni kṛṇván baháve jánāya gā́ḥ paspaśānáḥ tavíṣīr adhatta ||

Translation

Dengan gembira yang berambut kepang itu bergerak maju, terikat pada batang kayu oleh tali pengikat. Mencipta daya kepahlawanan bagi ramai manusia, menyentuh lembu-lembu (sinar-sinar), ia menegakkan kekuatan-kekuatan dalam dirinya.

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Word by Word

• शुनम्: well; prosperously
• शुनम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शुनम् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *suH-no- (well, prosperously)

• अष्ट्रा: with a goad/whip
• अष्ट्रा: Karaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अष्ट्रा (अव्यय/उपपद) < अष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक, ‘goad/whip’)

• अव्यचरत्: he moved/went about
• अव्यचरत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चर् (चरति) + उपसर्ग अवि-/अवि- (वेदिक), लङ्

• कपर्दी: the braided(-haired) one
• कपर्दी: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: कपर्दिन् (प्रातिपदिक ‘with braided hair/topknot’)

• वरत्रायाम्: on/at the strap (rein)
• वरत्रायाम्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरत्रा (प्रातिपदिक ‘strap, rope, rein’)

• दारु: with wood; with a wooden (piece)
• दारु: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: दारु (प्रातिपदिक ‘wood’)

• आनह्यमानः: being bound; fastening himself
• आनह्यमानः: Kartā (सह-कर्तृभावे) / क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Participle
• Root: आ-√नह् (नह्यति ‘to bind, fasten’)

• नृम्णानि: heroic powers; manly mights
• नृम्णानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृम्ण (प्रातिपदिक ‘manly power, heroic might’)

• कृण्वन्: making; producing
• कृण्वन्: Kartā (सह-कर्तृभावे) / क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Participle
• Root: √कृ (करोति)

• बहवे: for the many
• बहवे: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु (प्रातिपदिक ‘many’)

• जनाय: for the people
• जनाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (प्रातिपदिक ‘people, man’)

• गाः: cows
• गाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक ‘cow’)

• पस्पशानः: having looked at/inspected
• पस्पशानः: Kartā (सह-कर्तृभावे) / क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Participle
• Root: √स्पश्/√पश् (वेदिक ‘to see/spy/observe’) – परिपूर्ण/अभ्यास-रूप कृदन्त

• तविषीः: strengths; mighty forces
• तविषीः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तविषी (प्रातिपदिक ‘strength, impetuous force’)

• अधत्त: he placed; he bestowed
• अधत्त: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (दधाति) लङ्