Rig Veda 1.50.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 50, Mantra 2
Sukta 1.50
Rishi: Kaṇva (Kāṇva lineage)
Devata: Sūrya (Sun)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable; verse-level metrical confirmation recommended)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अप त्ये तायवो यथा नक्षत्रा यन्त्यक्तुभिः । सूराय विश्वचक्षसे ॥
Transliteration
ápa tyé tā́yavo yáthā nákṣatrā yanty aktúbhiḥ | sūrā́ya viśvá-cakṣase ||
Translation
Menjauh lari para perompak gelap, sebagaimana bintang-bintang beredar pergi bersama malam-malam, di hadapan Surya, mata yang melihat segala; demikian kejahilan berundur apabila cahaya-kebenaran datang.
Word by Word
अपaway; forth; off
अप:
— (upasarga/adverbial particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअप (avyaya-prātipadika)
त्येthose
त्ये:
कर्तृ (with यन्ति)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
तायवःthieves; robbers
तायवः:
कर्तृ (apposition to त्ये)
TypeNoun
Rootतायु (prātipadika)
यथाas; just as
यथा:
— (upamā/saṃbandha: ‘as, like’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (avyaya)
नक्षत्राःstars
नक्षत्राः:
कर्तृ (with यन्ति, in the simile)
TypeNoun
Rootनक्षत्र (prātipadika)
यन्तिgo; move
यन्ति:
— (finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
अक्तुभिःwith nights; by darkness
अक्तुभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootअक्तु (prātipadika)
सूरायto the Sun
सूराय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootसूर (prātipadika)
विश्वचक्षसेto the all-seeing one
विश्वचक्षसे:
सम्प्रदान (agreeing with सूराय)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootविश्व-चक्षस् (prātipadika; bahuvrīhi/compound epithet)
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