Rig Veda 1.38.7: Mandala 1, Sukta 38, Mantra 7

Sukta 1.38

Rishi: Ghoṣā Kāksīvatī (traditional)

Devata: Maruts/Rudriyas

Chandas: Triṣṭubh/Jagatī (likely mixed; confirmation needed)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सत्यं त्वेषा अमवन्तो धन्वञ्चिदा रुद्रियासः । मिहं कृण्वन्त्यवाताम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.38.7

Transliteration

satyáṃ tvéṣā́ amávanto dhánvaṃ cid ā́ rudríyāsaḥ | míhaṃ kṛṇvanty avātā́m ||

Translation

Sesungguhnya, para Rudriya yang menyala, sarat kekuatan—bahkan di hamparan gersang—membentuk hujan yang mengawan; mereka menurunkan air yang menyelubungi, yang menyediakan kepenuhan baharu dalam wujud.

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Word by Word

• सत्यम्: true; truly
• सत्यम्: Karma (as predicate/accusative of result; ‘truly/true’ qualifying the statement)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively/adverbially)
• Root: सत्य (प्रातिपदिक; < सत् ‘being’ + -य)

• त्वेषाः: the impetuous/fiery ones
• त्वेषाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (substantive)
• Root: त्वेष (प्रातिपदिक)

• अमवन्तः: strong; mighty
• अमवन्तः: Kartā (apposition to त्वेषाः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमवत् (प्रातिपदिक; अम ‘strength’ + -वत्)

• धन्वञ्चित्: even (through/over) the bow (i.e., even with the bow; even at a distance)
• धन्वञ्चित्: Karma
• Type: Noun + Indeclinable
• Root: धन्वन् (प्रातिपदिक) + चित् (अव्यय)

• रुद्रियासः: the Rudriyas (Rudra’s men/Maruts)
• रुद्रियासः: Kartā (subject group)
• Type: Adjective (substantive; patronymic/affiliation)
• Root: रुद्रिय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘of Rudra/pertaining to Rudra’)

• मिहम्: mist; rain
• मिहम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मिह्/मिह (प्रातिपदिक; ‘mist, rain’)

• कृण्वन्ति: they make; they produce
• कृण्वन्ति: (Verb of action; governs कर्म ‘मिहम्’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• अवाताम्: windless; without wind
• अवाताम्: Karma (object-complement qualifying मिहम्)
• Type: Adjective (predicative)
• Root: अवात (प्रातिपदिक; a-vāta ‘windless’ / ‘without wind’)