Rig Veda 1.182.6: Mandala 1, Sukta 182, Mantra 6

Sukta 1.182

Rishi: Agastya Māna (traditional for this Aśvin cluster; confirm via Anukramaṇī for RV 1.182)

Devata: Aśvinau (Nāsatyā)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अवविद्धं तौग्र्यमप्स्वन्तरनारम्भणे तमसि प्रविद्धम् । चतस्रो नावो जठलस्य जुष्टा उदश्विभ्यामिषिताः पारयन्ति ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.182.6

Transliteration

ávaviddhaṃ taugryám apsv àntar anārambhaṇé támási práviddham | cátasro nā́vo jáṭhalasya júṣṭā úd aśvibhyām iṣitā́ḥ pāráyanti ||

Translation

Taugrya itu, dicampakkan ke dalam air, terbenam ke dalam kegelapan tanpa tempat berpaut; empat perahu—yang berkenan kepada Jathala—digerakkan oleh dorongan Aśvin, membawanya menyeberang.

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Word by Word

• अवविद्धम्: pierced, struck, wounded
• अवविद्धम्: कर्म (of an implied verb ‘to find/see/know’ etc.; qualifies the object) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: √व्यध् (विध्) / वि-√व्यध् (प्र-वि-√व्यध्) (PPP)

• तौग्र्यम्: Tugra’s; belonging to Tugra (i.e., Bhujyu, son of Tugra)
• तौग्र्यम्: विशेषण (qualifies the following/understood noun; here the ‘Tugra’s (son)’ i.e., Bhujyu) / कर्म
• Type: Adjective (gentilic/relational)
• Root: तौग्र्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘of Tugra/related to Tugra’)

• अप्सु: in the waters
• अप्सु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्- (स्त्री; ‘water’)

• अन्तः: within, inside
• अन्तः: अधिकरण (locative sense with अप्सु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्तः (अव्यय) / अन्तर्- (as indeclinable)

• अनारम्भणे: in the (place/state) without support; in the unsupported (depth)
• अनारम्भणे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun/Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: अनारम्भण- (प्रातिपदिक; a ‘support/hold’; with privative अ-)

• तमसि: in darkness
• तमसि: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमस्- (नपुंसक; ‘darkness’)

• प्रविद्धम्: thoroughly pierced; grievously struck
• प्रविद्धम्: कर्म (re-stating/intensifying the condition of the same object) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: प्र-वि-√व्यध् (विध्) (PPP)

• चतस्रः: four
• चतस्रः: कर्तृ (agrees with नावः)
• Type: Numeral/Adjective
• Root: चतुर्- (संख्या) → चतस्र- (fem. nom. pl.)

• नावः: boats, ships
• नावः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: नौ- (स्त्री; ‘boat, ship’)

• जठलस्य: of Jathala (name/epithet)
• जठलस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of Jathala’)
• Type: Noun (proper name) / Adjective
• Root: जठल- (प्रातिपदिक; proper name/epithet) अथवा जठर-सम्बद्ध (uncertain)

• जुष्टाः: favored, chosen, well-pleasing
• जुष्टाः: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: √जुष् (to enjoy/favor) → जुष्ट- (PPP) अथवा जुष्ट (adj.)

• उद्: up, out, forth
• उद्: (with पारयन्ति: directional ‘up/out/over’)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: उद् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अश्विभ्याम्: by the Aśvins (the two horsemen gods)
• अश्विभ्याम्: करण (agent-instrumental: ‘by/through the Aśvins’)
• Type: Noun (deity name)
• Root: अश्विन्- (द्विवचन-देवता; ‘the Aśvins’)

• इषिताः: impelled, set in motion
• इषिताः: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: √इष् (to set in motion/impel) → इषित- (PPP) अथवा √इष्/√इष् (caus. sense)

• पारयन्ति: they carry across; they ferry over
• पारयन्ति: क्रिया (with कर्तृ ‘नावः’) and कर्म implied ‘him’ (Bhujyu)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पॄ/√पॄ (पारयति: causative of √पॄ ‘to carry across, bring over’)