Rig Veda 1.141.13: Mandala 1, Sukta 141, Mantra 13

Sukta 1.141

Rishi: Dīrghatamas Āucathya (traditional)

Devata: Agni (with a concluding simile to Sūrya as illumination)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अस्ताव्यग्निः शिमीवद्भिरर्कैः साम्राज्याय प्रतरं दधानः । अमी च ये मघवानो वयं च मिहं न सूरो अति निष्टतन्युः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.141.13

Transliteration

ástāvy agníḥ śimī́vadbhir arkáiḥ sā́mrājyāya prá-taraṃ dádhānaḥ | amī́ ca yé maghávāno vayáṃ ca míhaṃ ná sū́ro áti níṣṭatanyuḥ ||

Translation

Agni telah dipuji dengan kidung-kidung yang gagah, menegakkan suatu kekuasaan yang lebih jauh. Dan mereka yang pemurah itu dan kami juga—semoga kami, seperti Surya melampaui kabut, terbentang melampaui halangan.

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Word by Word

• अस्तावि: was praised / has been hymned
• अस्तावि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्तु (√stu)

• अग्निः: Agni
• अग्निः: Kartā (of ‘अस्तावि’ in passive sense: the one praised)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि-

• शिमीवद्भिः: by the vigorous/skillful (ones)
• शिमीवद्भिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शिमीवत्-

• अर्कैः: with hymns/songs of praise
• अर्कैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्क-

• साम्राज्याय: for sovereignty / supreme rule
• साम्राज्याय: Sampradāna (purpose/goal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साम्राज्य-

• प्रत॒रम्: further forward; more strongly/earlier
• प्रत॒रम्: —
• Type: Adverb
• Root: प्रतरम् (comparative of प्र-तर)

• दधानः: placing, establishing, bestowing
• दधानः: Kartā (of implied action ‘placing/establishing’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (√dhā)

• अमी: those (there)
• अमी: Kartā (with ‘ये’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अदस् (pronoun stem)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• ये: who
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (relative pronoun)

• मघवानः: the bountiful/generous (patrons)
• मघवानः: Kartā (apposition to ‘अमी … ये’)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: मघवन्-

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: Kartā (co-subject)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (pronoun)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• मिहम्: mist, rain-cloud, shower
• मिहम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मिह्- / मिह-

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• सूरः: the Sun; the shining one
• सूरः: Kartā (of ‘निष्टतन्युः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर-

• अति: over, beyond
• अति: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अति

• निष्टतन्युः: thundered forth / resounded
• निष्टतन्युः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्तनय् (√stanay) with नि- (preverb)