Valmiki Ramayana 2.75.10-11: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shlokas 10-11

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya · Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

भरतं प्रत्युवाचेदं कौसल्या भृशदुःखिता ॥१०॥

इदं ते राज्यकामस्य राज्यं प्राप्तमकण्टकम् ।

संप्राप्तं बत कैकेय्या शशीघ्रं क्रूरेण कर्मणा ॥११॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.75.10-11

Transliteration

bharataṃ pratyuvācedaṃ kausalyā bhṛśaduḥkhitā ||10||

idaṃ te rājyakāmasya rājyaṃ prāptam akaṇṭakam |

saṃprāptaṃ bata kaikeyyā śaśīghraṃ krūreṇa karmaṇā ||11||

Translation

Kausalyā yang sangat berdukacita berkata kepada Bharata: “Inilah kerajaan yang engkau dambakan—kini engkau peroleh tanpa halangan. Aduhai, Kaikeyī telah segera merampasnya untukmu dengan perbuatan yang kejam.”

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Word by Word

• bharatam: Bharata
• bharatam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• prati: towards
• prati: Dik-adhikaraṇa (दिक्-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prati (अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्ग/अव्यय, ‘towards’ (preposition-like)

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• idam: this (speech/words)
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (demonstrative)

• kausalyā: Kausalya
• kausalyā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kausalyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• bhṛśa-duḥkhitā: deeply afflicted
• bhṛśa-duḥkhitā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhṛśa+duḥkhitā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (intensely sorrowful)

Context

Looking at Bharata, the deeply afflicted Kausalya said, The kingdom which you had desired has been acquired without any obstacle. Alas! Kaikeyi had quickly secured it for you through her crooked act.

Characters & Entities

• Kauśalyā
• Bharata
• Kaikeyī
• Rājya (kingdom)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma evaluates not only outcomes (a kingdom obtained) but the means (cruelty and deceit), condemning power secured through adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

This verse repeats/overlaps the prior statement in the Southern Recension presentation; Kauśalyā’s accusation toward Bharata is reiterated.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral discernment: Kauśalyā distinguishes rightful rule from rule achieved through wrongful action.