Valmiki Ramayana 2.73.7 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 73, Shloka 7

भरतस्य कैकेय्याः प्रति धिक्कारः

Bharata’s Rebuke of Kaikeyi and Affirmation of Ikshvaku Royal Dharma

Devanagari script

विनाशितो महाराजः पिता मे धर्मवत्सलः।कस्मात्प्रव्राजितो रामः कस्मादेव वनं गतः।।।।

Transliteration

vināśito mahārājaḥ pitā me dharmavatsalaḥ |

kasmāt pravrājito rāmaḥ kasmād eva vanaṃ gataḥ ||

Translation

Mengapa ayahandaku, Maharaja yang mengasihi Dharma, dibinasakan? Atas sebab apakah Rama dibuang—mengapa baginda benar-benar pergi ke rimba?

Word by Word

• विनाशितः: has been destroyed
• विनाशितः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-नश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘destroyed/ruined’

• महाराजः: the great king
• महाराजः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (महान् राजा)

• पिता: father
• पिता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मे: my
• मे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• धर्मवत्सलः: devoted to righteousness
• धर्मवत्सलः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्मवत्सल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (धर्मे वत्सलः)

• कस्मात्: why/from what cause
• कस्मात्: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative adverbial use), पञ्चमी-एकवचन-रूपेण (ablative form used as ‘why/from what cause’)

• प्रव्राजितः: was exiled
• प्रव्राजितः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√व्रज् (धातु) / प्रव्राजय् (णिजन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; causative sense ‘made to go forth/exiled’

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कस्मात्: why
• कस्मात्: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रश्न-अव्यय, पञ्चमी-एकवचन-रूपेण

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• वनम्: to the forest
• वनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; गत्यर्थे कर्म

• गतः: has gone
• गतः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘gone’

Context

Why was my father the righteous maharaja killed? Why was Rama exiled into the forest?

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Kaikeyi
• Dasharatha
• Rama
• Forest (vana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse demands moral causality: dharmic order should not punish the righteous; Bharata’s questions expose the injustice of exile imposed on Rama.

What is the narrative situation?

In confrontation, Bharata interrogates the rationale behind Dasharatha’s collapse and Rama’s banishment.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Commitment to fairness and moral reasoning—Bharata refuses to accept events as ‘normal’ when they violate dharma.