Valmiki Ramayana 2.72.3 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 72, Shloka 3

भरतस्य मातृसदनगमनं कैकेय्या दारुणवृत्तान्तकथनं च

Bharata in Kaikeyi’s apartments: revelation of Daśaratha’s death and Rāma’s exile

Devanagari script

स प्रविश्यैव धर्मात्मा स्वगृहं श्रीविवर्जितम्।भरतः प्रतिजग्राह जनन्याश्चरणौ शुभौ।।2.72.3।।

Transliteration

sa praviśyaiva dharmātmā svagṛhaṃ śrī-vivarjitam |

bharataḥ pratijagrāha jananyāś caraṇau śubhau || 2.72.3 ||

Translation

Masuk sahaja ke rumahnya sendiri dan mendapati ia kehilangan seri yang dahulu, Bharata yang berjiwa dharma pun menunduk memegang kaki ibunya yang mulia lagi membawa berkat.

Word by Word

• saḥ: he (Bharata)
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine Nominative Singular

• praviśya: having entered
• praviśya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra + viś (प्र + विश्) (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), ‘having entered’

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निश्चय/अवधारणार्थक अव्यय)

• dharmātmā: righteous-souled
• dharmātmā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dharmātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: dharma + ātmā (‘whose nature is dharma’)

• svagṛham: his own house
• svagṛham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svagṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative Singular; तत्पुरुष: sva + gṛha (‘own house’)

• śrīvivarjitam: devoid of cheer/splendor
• śrīvivarjitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śrī-vivarjita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative Singular; past passive participle (क्त) from √vṛj/varj ‘to exclude’ with vi-; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: śrī + vivarjita (‘devoid of splendor/cheer’) qualifying svagṛham

• bharataḥ: Bharata
• bharataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative Singular (proper noun)

• pratijagrāha: clasped/took hold of
• pratijagrāha: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati + grah (प्रति + ग्रह्) (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• jananyāḥ: of (his) mother
• jananyāḥ: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jananī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• caraṇau: two feet
• caraṇau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Dual (द्विवचन)

• śubhau: auspicious
• śubhau: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śubha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative Dual; qualifying caraṇau

Context

Thinking that the king is about to consecrate Rama or perform some sacrifice, I undertook the journey in great delight.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Kaikeyī

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Respect for parents and elders as a visible practice of dharma; Bharata’s reverence is shown through touching his mother’s feet.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata has returned home and immediately senses an ominous change—his house lacks its usual prosperity—yet he first performs the duty of respectful salutation to his mother.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s humility and disciplined righteousness (vinaya and dharma-niṣṭhā).