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Valmiki Ramayana 2.51.3: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 51, Shloka 3

अयोध्याकाण्डे एकपञ्चाशः सर्गः · Guha’s Vigil and Lakṣmaṇa’s Lament

Night on the riverbank

उचितोऽयं जनस्सर्वः क्लेशानां त्वं सुखोचितः ।

गुप्त्यर्थं जागरिष्यामः काकुत्स्थस्य वयं निशाम् ॥३॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.51.3

ucito 'yaṁ janaḥ sarvaḥ kleśānāṁ tvaṁ sukhocitaḥ |

guptyarthaṁ jāgariṣyāmaḥ kākutsthasya vayaṁ niśām ||3||

Seluruh orang di sini sudah biasa menanggung kesusahan, sedangkan tuanku terbiasa dengan kesenangan. Maka demi menjaga Kakutstha Rama, kami akan berjaga sepanjang malam.

उचितःaccustomed/fit
उचितः:
कर्ता-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootउचित (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; वच्/उच्-निष्पन्न)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; जनः इत्यस्य विशेषण
अयम्this
अयम्:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
जनःpeople
जनः:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (collective sense)
सर्वःall
सर्वः:
कर्ता-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; जनः इत्यस्य विशेषण
क्लेशानाम्of hardships
क्लेशानाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootक्लेश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; ‘of hardships’ (genitive of relation/field)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा, एकवचन
सुख-उचितःaccustomed to comfort
सुख-उचितः:
कर्ता-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक) + उचित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (सुखे उचितः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
गुप्ति-अर्थम्for protection
गुप्ति-अर्थम्:
प्रयोजन (Purpose)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootगुप्ति (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास (for the purpose of protection); अव्ययवत् प्रयोग
जागरिष्यामःwe will stay awake
जागरिष्यामः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootजागृ (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
काकुत्स्थस्यof Kakutstha (Rama)
काकुत्स्थस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootकाकुत्स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
वयम्we
वयम्:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा, बहुवचन
निशाम्the night (all night)
निशाम्:
कालाधिकरण (Duration)
TypeNoun
Rootनिशा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; काल-परिमाण (accusative of duration)

We are used to all kinds of suffering and you, to comfort. We will keep vigil during the night for the protection of Rama, descendant of the Kakutsthas.

G
Guha
L
Lakshmana
R
Rama (Kakutstha)

FAQs

Dharma here is protective service (rakṣā/gupti) offered to a righteous guest and friend—taking responsibility for another’s safety, even at personal cost (staying awake all night).

Rama is resting with Sita during the forest-exile journey; Guha, as host and ally, proposes that his people keep night watch to guard Rama.

Guha’s loyalty and selfless hospitality—he prioritizes Rama’s security over comfort.

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