Valmiki Ramayana 2.14.46 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 14, Shloka 46

सत्यपाशः

Kaikeyi’s Demand and the Noose of the King’s Promise

Devanagari script

तत स्सूतो यथाकालं पार्थिवस्य निवेशने।।।।सुमन्त्रः प्राञ्जलिर्भूत्वा तुष्टाव जगतीपतिम्।

Transliteration

tataḥ sūto yathākālaṃ pārthivasya niveśane |

sumantraḥ prāñjalir bhūtvā tuṣṭāva jagatīpatim ||

Translation

Kemudian Sumantra, sang kusir, pada waktunya memasuki kediaman raja; dengan tangan dirangkapkan penuh hormat, dia memuji Penguasa bumi.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), निपात/क्रियाविशेषण (particle/adverb): ‘then/thereafter’

• sūtaḥ: the charioteer
• sūtaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masc), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (singular)

• yathā-kālam: at the proper time
• yathā-kālam: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (Avyayībhāva), क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial): ‘at the proper time’

• pārthivasya: of the king
• pārthivasya: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pārthiva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masc), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (singular)

• niveśane: in the residence/apartment
• niveśane: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niveśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neut), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन (singular)

• sumantraḥ: Sumantra
• sumantraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sumantra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masc), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (singular)

• prāñjaliḥ: with folded hands
• prāñjaliḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prāñjali (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masc), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (singular); विशेषण (adjective) used predicatively: ‘with folded hands’

• bhūtvā: having become
• bhūtvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having become’

• tuṣṭāva: praised
• tuṣṭāva: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: stu (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)

• jagatī-patim: lord of the earth
• jagatī-patim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagatī (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (Tatpuruṣa, षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘of the earth’ + ‘lord’); पुंलिङ्ग (masc), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (singular)

Context

Thereafter the charioteer Sumantra entered the inner apartment of the king, and with folded hands began singing the praise of the lord of the earth appropriate to the hour.

Characters & Entities

• Sumantra
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is disciplined service: acting at the right time (yathākāla) with humility and reverence toward rightful authority.

What is the narrative situation?

Sumantra enters Daśaratha’s quarters at dawn and begins formal praise with folded hands.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Humility (praṇāma/añjali) and punctuality in duty.