Atharva Veda 12.2.4: Kanda 12, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 4

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यद्य॒ग्निः क्र॒व्याद् यदि॑ वा व्या॒घ्र इ॒मं गो॒ष्ठं प्र॑वि॒वेशान्यो॑काः । तं माषा॑ज्यं कृ॒त्वा प्र हि॑णोमि दू॒रं स ग॑च्छत्वप्सु॒षदोऽप्य॒ग्नीन्

IAST Transliteration

yády agníḥ kravyā́d yádi vā vyāghrá imáṁ góṣṭhaṁ prá viveśā́nyokāḥ | táṁ māṣā́jyaṁ kṛtvā́ prá hiṇomi dūráṁ sá gácchatv apsuṣádo 'py agní́n

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

If Agni, flesh-devouring, or if a tiger, an alien-dweller, hath entered this cowshed, him—having made the bean-and-ghee—do I drive forth afar: let him depart unto the water-seated fires.

Translation

Jika Agni yang memakan daging, atau seekor harimau, penghuni asing, telah memasuki kandang lembu ini—dia, setelah aku menyediakan persembahan kacang (māṣa) dan ghee, aku halau jauh: biarlah dia pergi kepada api-api yang bersemayam di air.

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Word by Word

• यदि: if
• यदि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि

• अग्निः: Agni; fire
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि

• क्रव्याद्: flesh-eating (esp. a baleful fire/cremation-fire)
• क्रव्याद्: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: क्रव्याद् (क्रवि-आद्) / क्रव्याद

• यदि: if
• यदि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि

• वा: or
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• व्याघ्रः: tiger
• व्याघ्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्याघ्र

• इमम्: this
• इमम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्

• गोष्टम्: cowshed; cattle-pen
• गोष्टम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोष्ट

• प्रविवेश: has entered
• प्रविवेश: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विश्

• अन्योकाः: one whose dwelling is elsewhere; a stranger
• अन्योकाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (used substantively) / Noun-compound
• Root: अन्य-ओकस्

• तम्: him/that (one)
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्

• माषाज्यम्: bean-ghee; ghee mixed/associated with black-gram (māṣa)
• माषाज्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: माष-आज्य

• कृत्वा: having made/prepared
• कृत्वा: —
• Type: Verbal derivative
• Root: √कृ

• प्र: forth; away
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb) / particle
• Root: प्र

• हि: indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• हिणोमि: I drive/send
• हिणोमि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हि (हिणोति) / √हिन् (प्रेरणे/गत्यर्थे)

• दूरम्: far away
• दूरम्: —
• Type: Adverb (from noun/adj.)
• Root: दूर

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्

• गच्छतु: let (him) go
• गच्छतु: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम्

• अप्सु: in the waters
• अप्सु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्

• षदः: dwelling/sitting (there)
• षदः: Kartā
• Type: Kṛdanta (agent noun)
• Root: √सद्

• अपि: also; even
• अपि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• अग्नीन्: fires (Agni-powers)
• अग्नीन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (AV 12.2 complex)

Devata: Agni (in dangerous ‘kravyād’ aspect) and the banishing ‘apṣuṣad’ fires; also implicit predator-force (vyāghra)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (likely; requires metrical verification)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: bhayankara