Rig Veda 5.9.4: Mandala 5, Sukta 9, Mantra 4
Sukta 5.9
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (probable for 5.9)
Devata: Agni (ambivalent: beneficent and dangerous)
Chandas: Likely Anuṣṭubh/Gāyatrī-family short meter (uncertain; requires scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उत स्म दुर्गृभीयसे पुत्रो न ह्वार्याणाम् । पुरू यो दग्धासि वनाग्ने पशुर्न यवसे ॥
Transliteration
uta sma duḥ-gṛbhīyase putro na hvāryāṇām | purū yo dagdhāsi vanāgne paśur na yavase ||
Translation
तरीही तू सहज पकडला जात नाहीस—उधळ्यांच्या मध्ये पुत्रासारखा. हे वनाग्ने अग्नी, तू अनेक अरण्ये दग्ध करतोस; चराईसाठी सोडलेल्या पशूसारखा.
Word by Word
उतand, also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
स्मindeed, just
स्म:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्म
दुर्गृभीयसेyou are hard to seize/hold
दुर्गृभीयसे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootदुर्-ग्रह् (गृह्णाति) → गृभीयते
पुत्रःa son
पुत्रः:
Kartā (उपमान-रूपेण) / विषय-निर्देश
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
ह्वार्याणाम्of the wayward/errant (ones)
ह्वार्याणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of the …’
TypeNoun/Adjective (used substantively)
Rootह्वार्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ह्वार’/‘ह्वर्’ से व्युत्पन्न ‘वक्र/कुटिल/दुर्वर्त’ अर्थ)
पुरूmuch, many
पुरू:
विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरु
यःwho
यः:
Kartā (सापेक्ष-सम्बन्ध) / सम्बन्धक
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (यः/या/यत्)
दग्धासिyou are burnt / you are (as) burned
दग्धासि:
—
TypeVerb (periphrastic with participle)
Rootदह् (दहति) → दग्ध (कृदन्त) + अस् (असि)
वनwood, forest
वन:
Adhikaraṇa (स्थाने) (समासार्थ)
TypeNoun
Rootवन
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
पशुःa beast, cattle
पशुः:
Kartā (उपमान-रूपेण) / विषय-निर्देश
TypeNoun
Rootपशु
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
यवसेfor grass/fodder
यवसे:
Sampradāna (उद्देश्य/प्रयोजन) / ‘for fodder/grass’
TypeNoun
Rootयवस
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