Rig Veda 5.64.7 — Mandala 5, Sukta 64, Mantra 7

Sukta 5.64

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)

Devata: Mitra–Varuṇa (as yajatā, deva-kṣatre; also ‘narā’ as heroic pair-epithet)

Chandas: Jagatī or extended Triṣṭubh (this verse is metrically longer/complex; exact chandas should be verified against pada count in a critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उच्छन्त्यां मे यजता देवक्षत्रे रुशद्गवि । सुतं सोमं न हस्तिभिरा पड्भिर्धावतं नरा बिभ्रतावर्चनानसम् ॥

Transliteration

ucchántyāṃ me yajatā́ deva-kṣátre rúśad-gavi | sutáṃ sómaṃ ná hastíbhir ā́ paṭ́bhir dhā́vataṃ narā bibhrátāv arcanā́nasam ||

Translation

माझ्या यज्ञाग्नीच्या उच्छ्वास/उदयकाळी, हे यज्य (पूज्य) देवक्षत्रधारी, तेजस्वी गवांनी (किरण-गवांनी) उजळलेले! तुम्ही दोघे नर (वीर शक्ती) दाबून काढलेल्या सोमाकडे वेगवान मार्गांनी धावून या—जणू बलवान हातांनी व पावलांनी; आणि स्तुती-गानाचा आनंद धारण करून.

Word by Word

• उच्छन्त्याम्: at (her) rising / when (she) rises
• उच्छन्त्याम्: अधिकारण (time/condition: ‘at the rising’)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: उद्-√शि (शय्/शि ‘to lie; to rise’ > उच्छन्ती ‘rising, shining’) [present participle stem उच्छन्ती-]

• मे: of me / my
• मे: सम्बन्ध (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• यजता: worthy of worship, venerable
• यजता: विशेषण (qualifier of the addressed/mentioned entity)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यजत- (< √यज् ‘to worship, sacrifice’)

• देवक्षत्रे: in/within divine sovereignty (divine rule)
• देवक्षत्रे: अधिकारण (sphere/domain)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव-क्षत्र- (tatpuruṣa: ‘divine dominion/power’)

• रुशद्गवि: O one with shining cows
• रुशद्गवि: सम्बोधन (address)
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: रुशद्-गवि (bahuvrīhi/karmadhāraya: ‘having bright/whitish cows’; रुशद् < √रुश्/रुच् ‘to shine, be bright’ + गो-)

• सुतम्: pressed
• सुतम्: कर्म (object)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: सुत- (< √सु ‘to press (Soma)’)

• सोमम्: Soma
• सोमम्: कर्म (object; apposition to सुतम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम-

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• हस्तिभिः: with elephants
• हस्तिभिः: करण (means/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हस्तिन्-

• आ: towards, hither
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb) / particle
• Root: आ

• पड्भिः: with feet / by steps
• पड्भिः: करण (means: ‘with feet/steps’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद्- (stem pad- ‘foot’)

• धावतम्: run (you two)! / rush!
• धावतम्: क्रिया (injunction to the addressees)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धाव् ‘to run, rush’

• नरा: O two men (heroes)
• नरा: सम्बोधन (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर-

• बिभ्रतौ: bearing, carrying (you two)
• बिभ्रतौ: कर्तृ-विशेषण (qualifier of the addressed dual)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √भृ ‘to bear, carry’

• अर्चनानसम्: (him/it) having a mouth of praise / praise-faced (i.e., accompanied by hymns)
• अर्चनानसम्: कर्म (object carried/borne; or appositional object)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (compound epithet)
• Root: अर्चनानस- (compound; likely ‘praise/chant + mouth/face’: अर्चना- ‘praise’ + आनस्/आनन- ‘mouth/face’; used as an epithet)