Rig Veda 4.23.9: Mandala 4, Sukta 23, Mantra 9
Sukta 4.23
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional attribution for RV 4.23)
Devata: Ṛta (Truth-Order) as the governing power
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verse-level verification needed)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ऋतस्य दृळ्हा धरुणानि सन्ति पुरूणि चन्द्रा वपुषे वपूंषि । ऋतेन दीर्घमिषणन्त पृक्ष ऋतेन गाव ऋतमा विवेशुः ॥
Transliteration
ṛtásya dṛḷhā́ dharuṇā́ni sánti purū́ṇi candrā́ vápuse vapū́ṃṣi | ṛténa dīrghám iṣaṇanta pṛ́kṣa ṛténa gā́va ṛtám ā́ viveśuḥ ||
Translation
ऋताचे दृढ आधार आहेत; त्याच्या प्रकटतेसाठी अनेक, चंद्रासारखे दीप्त रूप आहेत. ऋतानेच बलवान दीर्घ प्रेरणेचा विस्तार करतात; ऋतानेच गावः (ज्ञान-किरण) ऋतात प्रवेश करतात.
Word by Word
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order/true law)
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
दृळ्हाःfirm, steadfast
दृळ्हाः:
विशेषण (of धरणानि)
TypeAdjective
Rootदृळ्ह (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; दृंह्/दृढ्-भाव)
धरणानिsupports, foundations
धरणानि:
कर्तृ/विषय (with सन्ति)
TypeNoun
Rootधरणि (प्रातिपदिक; √धृ ‘to hold’)
सन्तिare
सन्ति:
अस्ति-क्रिया (copula)
TypeVerb
Root√अस्
पुरूणिmany
पुरूणि:
विशेषण (of वपूंषि)
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरु (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
चन्द्राःbright, shining
चन्द्राः:
विशेषण (of वपूंषि)
TypeAdjective
Rootचन्द्र (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
वपुषेfor beauty/form
वपुषे:
सम्प्रदान (purpose/for)
TypeNoun
Rootवपुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
वपूंषिforms, bodies, beauties
वपूंषि:
कर्तृ/विषय (elliptic with सन्ति)
TypeNoun
Rootवपुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतेनby/with ṛta
ऋतेन:
करण (means/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
दीर्घम्far, long (for a long distance/time)
दीर्घम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (extent)
TypeAdjective
Rootदीर्घ (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
इषणन्तthey impelled/urged on
इषणन्त:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√इष् (इषण ‘to set in motion/impel/seek’)
पृक्षthe Pṛkṣa (strong/bull-like one; an epithet/name)
पृक्ष:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘speckled/bull/strong one’—RV epithet)
ऋतेनby/with ṛta
ऋतेन:
करण (means/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
गावःthe cows
गावः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतम्ṛta, the true order
ऋतम्:
कर्म (goal entered)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
आinto, towards
आ:
क्रियाविशेषक (towards/into)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ
विवेशुःthey have entered/entered
विवेशुः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√विश् (with vi-)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.