Arthashastra 3.13.18: Dharmasthiya, Adhyaya 13, Sutra 18
Devanagari script
दण्डप्रणीतः कर्मणा दण्डमुपनयेत् ॥ कZ_०३.१३.१८ ॥
Transliteration
daṇḍapraṇītaḥ karmaṇā daṇḍam upanayet
Translation
जो दण्डाधीन केला आहे, त्याने श्रम/सेवेने दण्ड (दंडरक्कम) फेडावा।
Word by Word
दण्डप्रणीतःone who is controlled/regulated by punishment (the rod of authority)
दण्डप्रणीतः:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootप्र-नी (नी)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त), ‘प्रणीत’ = ‘प्र-नी’ धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; समासः: दण्डस्य प्रणीतः = दण्डेन/दण्डात् नियोजितः/प्रेरितः
कर्मणाby action; through (proper) work/act
कर्मणा:
TypeNoun
Rootकृ
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-एकवचन; ‘कर्मन्’ शब्दः
दण्डम्punishment; the rod/penalty (state punishment)
दण्डम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन
उपनयेत्should impose/bring about (apply)
उपनयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-नी (नी)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; धातुः ‘नी’ (1P) उपसर्गः ‘उप-’; अर्थः ‘उपनयति’ = ‘आनयेत्/प्रापयेत्/लागू करोतु’
Entities Mentioned
O
offender (implicit)S
state authority (implicit)FAQs
A conversion mechanism between monetary penalties and labor service, enabling enforcement even when cash payment is impossible.
Non-collectability of fines; labor conversion preserves deterrence and revenue-equivalent value.
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