Rig Veda Sukta 51
Mandala 6Sukta 5116 Mantras

Sukta 51

Sukta 6.51

Rishi

Bharadvāja (traditional attribution for RV 6.51)

Devata

Mitra-Varuṇa (Ādityas), with solar ‘Eye’ motif

Chandas

Triṣṭubh (probable; verify by metrical count in critical edition)

Cet hymne loue Mitra et Varuṇa comme gardiens du ṛta (l’ordre cosmique), en invoquant leur « Œil » à la vaste vision (vision solaire) qui révèle la vérité et guide la conduite humaine. Il demande aux Ādityas de protéger l’adorant de la faute, de l’hostilité et du désordre, et de conduire la communauté sur une voie sûre et propice, aboutissant au bien-être (svasti) et à l’abondance.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 6.51

Mantras

Mantra 1

उदु त्यच्चक्षुर्महि मित्रयोराँ एति प्रियं वरुणयोरदब्धम् । ऋतस्य शुचि दर्शतमनीकं रुक्मो न दिव उदिता व्यद्यौत् ॥

S’élève ce grand Œil, cher à Mitra et, pour Varuṇa, sans trahison; le visage pur et visible du Ṛta. Tel un éclat d’or, tiré du ciel, il rayonne au loin.

Mantra 2

वेद यस्त्रीणि विदथान्येषां देवानां जन्म सनुतरा च विप्रः । ऋजु मर्तेषु वृजिना च पश्यन्नभि चष्टे सूरो अर्य एवान् ॥

Il est le voyant illuminé, qui connaît leurs trois assemblées (vidáthāni) et la naissance des dieux, ainsi que leurs antiques continuités. Voyant le droit parmi les mortels et aussi le tortueux, le noble, semblable au Soleil, regarde tout et rend la vérité visible dans notre champ humain mêlé.

Mantra 3

स्तुष उ वो मह ऋतस्य गोपानदितिं मित्रं वरुणं सुजातान् । अर्यमणं भगमदब्धधीतीनच्छा वोचे सधन्यः पावकान् ॥

Je vous loue, grands gardiens de la Ṛta : Aditi, Mitra, Varuṇa, les bien-nés ; Aryaman et Bhaga, dont la pensée n’est pas trompée. À ces puissances purifiantes je parle droit, moi qui cherche la vraie richesse de l’être.

Mantra 4

रिशादसः सत्पतीँरदब्धान्महो राज्ञः सुवसनस्य दातॄन् । यूनः सुक्षत्रान्क्षयतो दिवो नॄनादित्यान्याम्यदितिं दुवोयु ॥

Vers les Ādityas je vais — consommateurs du mal, vrais seigneurs, infaillibles, donateurs du grand Roi au vaste vêtement. Jeunes, de bonne souveraineté, demeurant au ciel comme guides parmi les hommes, vers Aditi je m’avance, désirant le don de leur grâce et du service.

Mantra 5

द्यौष्पितः पृथिवि मातरध्रुगग्ने भ्रातर्वसवो मृळता नः । विश्व आदित्या अदिते सजोषा अस्मभ्यं शर्म बहुलं वि यन्त ॥

Le Ciel est notre Père, la Terre notre Mère, infaillible; Agni est notre frère—ô Vasus, soyez-nous favorables. Ô tous les Ādityas, ô Aditi, d’un même accord, étendez pour nous une vaste paix et un abri, une protection multiple.

Mantra 6

मा नो वृकाय वृक्ये समस्मा अघायते रीरधता यजत्राः । यूयं हि ष्ठा रथ्यो नस्तनूनां यूयं दक्षस्य वचसो बभूव ॥

Ne nous livrez pas au loup, au lupin, à celui qui veut le mal, ô dignes du sacrifice; tenez-le loin de nous. Car vous êtes les cochers de nos corps; vous êtes dakṣa même et la parole qui façonne.

Mantra 7

मा व एनो अन्यकृतं भुजेम मा तत्कर्म वसवो यच्चयध्वे । विश्वस्य हि क्षयथ विश्वदेवाः स्वयं रिपुस्तन्वं रीरिषीष्ट ॥

Puissions-nous ne pas porter la faute commise par un autre; ni cet acte, ô Vasus, que vous avez amassé (en conséquence). Car vous, ô Tous-les-Dieux, êtes les seigneurs et les soutiens de tout; la puissance hostile elle-même blesse l’être incarné—préservez-nous de cette blessure née de soi.

Mantra 8

नम इदुग्रं नम आ विवासे नमो दाधार पृथिवीमुत द्याम् । नमो देवेभ्यो नम ईश एषां कृतं चिदेनो नमसा विवासे ॥

Oui, révérence au Puissant ; par la révérence je m’avance et demeure tout près. La révérence a soutenu la Terre et le Ciel. Révérence aux Dieux ; révérence au Seigneur qui les gouverne : même la faute commise, par la révérence je cherche à la réparer, par l’acte d’adoration.

Mantra 9

ऋतस्य वो रथ्यः पूतदक्षानृतस्य पस्त्यसदो अदब्धान् । ताँ आ नमोभिरुरुचक्षसो नॄन्विश्वान्व आ नमे महो यजत्राः ॥

Vous êtes les cochers du ṛta, au discernement purifié ; vous siégez dans la demeure du ṛta, sans défaillance. À vous, puissances héroïques au vaste regard — à vous tous — je m’incline par des hommages, ô Grands, dignes du sacrifice.

Mantra 10

ते हि श्रेष्ठवर्चसस्त उ नस्तिरो विश्वानि दुरिता नयन्ति । सुक्षत्रासो वरुणो मित्रो अग्निॠतधीतयो वक्मराजसत्याः ॥

Car ils sont d’un éclat suprême ; ils nous mènent au-delà de tous les passages difficiles. Puissants en souveraineté juste — Varuṇa, Mitra, Agni — penseurs du ṛta, rois de la parole inspirée, fermes dans la vérité.

Mantra 11

ते न इन्द्रः पृथिवी क्षाम वर्धन्पूषा भगो अदितिः पञ्च जनाः । सुशर्माणः स्ववसः सुनीथा भवन्तु नः सुत्रात्रासः सुगोपाः ॥

Qu’Indra, la Terre, le vaste domaine, Pūṣan, Bhaga, Aditi et les cinq lignées nous accroissent. Qu’ils deviennent pour nous un bon abri, des aides efficaces par leur propre puissance, de bons guides — de fermes protecteurs et de bons gardiens.

Mantra 12

नू सद्मानं दिव्यं नंशि देवा भारद्वाजः सुमतिं याति होता । आसानेभिर्यजमानो मियेधैर्देवानां जन्म वसूयुर्ववन्द ॥

À présent les dieux atteignent leur siège céleste ; Bhāradvāja, le Hotṛ, s’avance vers la bonne pensée. Le sacrifiant, avec des offrandes déposées et des mesures justes, désirant l’abondance, vénère la naissance (l’origine) des dieux.

Mantra 13

अप त्यं वृजिनं रिपुं स्तेनमग्ने दुराध्यम् । दविष्ठमस्य सत्पते कृधी सुगम् ॥

Repousse ce tortueux ennemi hostile, ce voleur, ô Agni, ce mal difficile à dompter. Ô très généreux maître des véridiques, fais-lui un bon passage.

Mantra 14

ग्रावाणः सोम नो हि कं सखित्वनाय वावशुः । जही न्यत्रिणं पणिं वृको हि षः ॥

Ô Soma, les pierres à presser ont crié pour notre compagnonnage. Abats le Paṇi dévorant, l’Atriṇa hostile : il est vraiment une force de loup.

Mantra 15

यूयं हि ष्ठा सुदानव इन्द्रज्येष्ठा अभिद्यवः । कर्ता नो अध्वन्ना सुगं गोपा अमा ॥

Vous êtes vraiment dispensateurs de bons dons, avec Indra pour premier, puissances qui s’élancent vers le lumineux. Faites-nous, sur la route, un bon sentier — gardiens ici, auprès de nous.

Mantra 16

अपि पन्थामगन्महि स्वस्तिगामनेहसम् । येन विश्वाः परि द्विषो वृणक्ति विन्दते वसु ॥

Nous avons atteint le chemin qui mène au bien-être, sans détresse ; par lui l’on repousse de toutes parts tous les haineux et l’on trouve la plénitude de l’être.

Inside Sukta 51

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    The hymn opens with the ascent of the great “Eye,” dear to Mitra and Varuṇa—truth’s radiant face emerging from heaven.

  2. Development

    It expands into praise of the Ādityas as charioteers and householders of ṛta, emphasizing their purified discernment and unfailing protection for those who honor them.

  3. Climax

    A decisive turn toward practical grace: the worshipper seeks their wide-seeing guardianship to overcome hostility and remain aligned with ṛta.

  4. Where it settles

    It resolves in an auspicious closure: having reached the svasti-bearing path, one wards off haters and finds vāsu—secure well-being and plenitude.

The deity: Mitra–Varuṇa, with the solar “Eye” motif

  • In the VedaMitra and Varuṇa are portrayed as majestic, wide-seeing Ādityas who uphold ṛta, forgive and bind transgression, and oversee truth, contracts, and right conduct; their “Eye” rises like gold from heaven, making ṛta visible.
  • Cosmic functionThey stabilize cosmic and social order—regulating day/night, seasons, oaths, and moral causality—so that the world and society remain coherent and trustworthy.
  • Inner significanceThey represent the awakened conscience and luminous discernment by which one aligns speech and action with truth; the rising “Eye” symbolizes clarity that exposes error and restores harmony.

The seer

  • Bharadvāja (Bārhaspatya)Bharadvāja-gotra (Āṅgirasa/Bārhaspatya line) · A major Rigvedic seer associated with the Bharadvāja family collection (especially Mandala 6), renowned for hymns that unite precise ritual speech with the ethical vision of ṛta.

Famous verses

ud u tyac cakṣur mahi
Verse 6.51.1Programmatic vision-verse: the rising ‘Eye’ frames the entire hymn as illumination of ṛta—ethical and cosmic order made perceptible.Read verse 6.51.1 →
ṛtasya vo rathyaḥ pūtadakṣān
Verse 6.51.9Defines Mitra–Varuṇa as ‘charioteers of ṛta’ with purified discernment and wide sight, expressing the hymn’s core theology of order, vigilance, and trust.Read verse 6.51.9 →
svastigām anehasam
Verse 6.51.16A memorable benedictory conclusion about attaining the distress-free path to well-being that repels hostility and yields abundance; often cited as a ‘svasti’ type ending.Read verse 6.51.16 →

Attributes of the deity

  • ṛta-pāla (guardians of cosmic order)
  • urucakṣas (wide-seeing, all-observant)
  • adabdha (unbetrayable, unfailing)
  • pūtadakṣa (purified discernment)
  • protectors of truth, vows, and social harmony
  • bestowers of svasti (well-being) and safe passage

Also by this seer

  • Rigveda Mandala 6 (many hymns traditionally attributed to Bharadvāja seers)
  • Hymns to Indra, Agni, and the Ādityas within the Bharadvāja corpus (e.g., RV 6.1–6.75, traditional attributions vary by sukta)
  • Later tradition associates the Bharadvāja lineage with śrauta learning and transmission of mantra-knowledge (paramparā attribution)

The rite, step by step

  • Ācamana and saṅkalpa: establish intention for truthfulness, protection, and right order (ṛta).
  • Āhavana/Agni kindling: light the fire and recite opening praises to invite the deities.
  • Āvāhana: invoke Mitra–Varuṇa as wide-seeing guardians; contemplate the rising solar “Eye” as ṛta made visible.
  • Main offering: present oblations while reciting key verses, asking for release from hostility and from faults against ṛta.
  • Śānti/prārthanā: conclude with a ‘path of svasti’ prayer—seeking an unhindered way, protection on all sides, and attainment of vāsu (good fortune).

Offerings

  • Ghṛta (clarified butter) oblations into Agni
  • Soma (where applicable in soma rites)
  • Havis (simple food-offerings such as puroḍāśa in śrauta context, by tradition)
  • Water and arghya as respectful offering (gṛhya-style adaptation)

Frequently Asked Questions

They are Ādityas who oversee truth, vows, and cosmic order (ṛta). The hymn praises them as wide-seeing protectors who keep both society and nature aligned with law and harmony.

It primarily points to the sun as the visible ‘Eye’ that rises and reveals ṛta. Spiritually, it suggests awakened insight—clarity that helps a person discern truth and live rightly.

The hymn concludes by seeking an unhindered, auspicious path (svasti-gām anehasam) that wards off hostility from all sides and leads to vāsu—secure well-being and abundance.

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