Rig Veda 5.2.5: Mandala 5, Sukta 2, Mantra 5

Sukta 5.2

Rishi: Atri (traditional for RV 5.2)

Devata: Agni (with the ‘knowing one’ also resonating with Indra/Br̥haspati functions)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

के मे मर्यकं वि यवन्त गोभिर्न येषां गोपा अरणश्चिदास । य ईं जगृभुरव ते सृजन्त्वाजाति पश्व उप नश्चिकित्वान् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.2.5

Transliteration

ké me marya-káṃ ví yavanta góbhir ná yeṣāṃ gopā́ áraṇaś cid ā́sa | yá īṃ jagṛbhúr áva té sṛjantu ā́jāti paśvá úpa naś cikitvā́n ||

Translation

¿Quién ha dispersado mi fuerza juvenil con los rayos —las vacas—, ellos que no tenían un verdadero guardián del rebaño, aunque aun uno inofensivo podría haberlo sido? Los que la apresaron, que la suelten hacia abajo; que el Conocedor nos traiga de vuelta el aumento de la fuerza vital y la riqueza del ser.

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Word by Word

• के: who? which (ones)?
• के: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: क (किम्-प्रातिपदिक)

• मे: of me / my
• मे: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• मर्यकम्: young man; my youth/young companion
• मर्यकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्यक (प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: apart, asunder, away
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग)

• यवन्त: let (them) drive/impel
• यवन्त: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: यु (धातु; युनक्ति/युते—‘to join, yoke’; RV usage also ‘to drive/impel’)

• गोभिः: with cows; by means of cattle
• गोभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: not / like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• येषाम्: of whom
• येषाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (य-प्रातिपदिक)

• गोपाः: cowherds; protectors of cattle
• गोपाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोपा (प्रातिपदिक; गो+पा ‘cow-protector’)

• अरणः: harm; the harmful one (injury)
• अरणः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अरण (प्रातिपदिक; ‘harm, injury’; also ‘hostile’)

• चित्: even
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (निपात)

• आस: was
• आस: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु ‘to be’)

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्

• ईम्: him; it
• ईम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: ईम् (एन्क्लिटिक सर्वनाम/निपात; ‘him/it’)

• जगृभुः: have seized; seized
• जगृभुः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह् (धातु ‘to seize’)

• अव: down; away
• अव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अव (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• ते: they
• ते: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्

• सृजन्तु: let them release
• सृजन्तु: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: सृज् (धातु ‘to let go, release, send forth’)

• आजाति: is born; arises
• आजाति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ+जन् (धातु ‘to be born’; with आ- ‘to come into being, arise’)

• पश्वः: cattle; livestock
• पश्वः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशु (प्रातिपदिक)

• उप: towards; near
• उप: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• नः: to us; for us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• चिकित्वान्: the discerning/wise one
• चिकित्वान्: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (Participle)
• Root: चित्/केत् (Vedic: √चित् ‘to perceive, notice’; desiderative/perfect-participial stem ‘cikít-’ ‘knowing, discerning’)