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Varaha Purana 4.19: Adhyaya 4, Shloka 19

On Nārāyaṇa’s Ten Avatāras and Eightfold Manifestations, and the Account of King Aśvaśirā

अश्वशिरा उवाच । भवन्तौ ब्राह्मणौ सिद्धौ तपसा दग्धकिल्बिषौ । कथं नारायणावावामिति वाक्यमथेरितम् ॥ ४.१९ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 4.19

Aśvaśirā uvāca | bhavantau brāhmaṇau siddhau tapasā dagdha-kilbiṣau | kathaṃ nārāyaṇāvāvām iti vākyam atha īritam || 4.19 ||

Aśvaśiras sprach: „Ihr beide seid vollendete Brahmanen, Siddhas; durch Askese habt ihr die Verfehlungen verbrannt. Wie kann man dann sagen: ‚Wir sind Nārāyaṇas‘?“—so wurde jene Aussage geäußert.

अश्वशिराःAśvaśiras
अश्वशिराः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वशिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
भवन्तौyou two (honored)
भवन्तौ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन; आदरसूचक
ब्राह्मणौBrahmins (two)
ब्राह्मणौ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन; समानााधिकरण (apposition to भवन्तौ)
सिद्धौaccomplished
सिद्धौ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसिद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ब्राह्मणौ)
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
दग्ध-किल्बिषौwhose sins are burnt away
दग्ध-किल्बिषौ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदग्ध (कृदन्त; दह् धातोः क्त) + किल्बिष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषार्थः—‘दग्धं किल्बिषं ययोः’ (whose sin is burnt)
कथम्how
कथम्:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
नारायणौNārāyaṇas (two)
नारायणौ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनारायण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन
आवाम्we two
आवाम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
वाक्यम्the statement
वाक्यम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
अथthen
अथ:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्धबोधक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भार्थ (then/now)
ईरितम्was uttered
ईरितम्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootईर् (धातु)
Formक्त (Past Passive Participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मणि भावः—‘उच्चारितम्/प्रेरितम्’

Aśvaśiras

C
Classical Literature
P
Purāṇic Narrative
V
Vaishnavism
S
Sanskrit Philology

FAQs

It exemplifies a common Purāṇic narrative device: a named speaker frames a doctrinal or identity-related question within a dialogue, using honorific address and ascetic credentials (tapas) to establish authority and context.

No geographic location is named in this verse; it focuses on interlocutors’ status (siddha brāhmaṇas) and the semantic question surrounding the title “Nārāyaṇa.”

The verse foregrounds the ethical-ascetic ideal that austerity (tapas) purifies moral faults (kilbiṣa), while also prompting reflection on the appropriate use and meaning of revered titles.

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