Rig Veda 9.101.1: Mandala 9, Sukta 101, Mantra 1
Sukta 9.101
Devata: Soma Pavamāna (with addressed companions/priests as agents)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पुरोजिती वो अन्धसः सुताय मादयित्नवे । अप श्वानं श्नथिष्टन सखायो दीर्घजिह्व्यम् ॥
Transliteration
purójitī vo ándhasaḥ sutā́ya mādayitnáve | ápa śvā́naṃ śnathiṣṭana sákhāyo dīrgha-jihvyám ||
Translation
O Gefährten, für eure Soma-Essenz, ausgepresst, um in Wonne zu berauschen und die vordersten Linien zu gewinnen: schlagt den langzüngigen Hund fort, den Hüter der Schwelle.
Word by Word
पुरोजिती(O) two ‘fore-conquering/fore-leading’ ones
पुरोजिती:
सम्बोधन/कर्तृ (स्तुत्यौ/आहूतौ—‘हे पुरोजिती’)
TypeNoun (dual)
Rootपुरोजित् (प्रातिपदिक; पुरस् + √जि ‘जयति’)
वःof you; your
वः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अन्धसःof the soma-juice; of the pressed drink
अन्धसः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of the soma-juice’)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्धस् (प्रातिपदिक)
सुतायfor the pressed (Soma)
सुताय:
सम्प्रदान (for the pressed [soma])
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootसुत (ppp of √सु ‘सुनोति/सुवति’ ‘to press (Soma)’)
मादयित्नवेfor exhilaration; for the exhilarator
मादयित्नवे:
सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन (for exhilaration / for the exhilarator)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमादयित्नु (प्रातिपदिक; from causative √मद् ‘to exhilarate’ → मादयति)
अपaway; off
अप:
क्रियाविशेषण (directional: ‘away/off’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअप (उपसर्ग/निपात)
श्वानम्the dog
श्वानम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootश्वान् (प्रातिपदिक)
श्नथिष्टनstrike/crush (you all)!
श्नथिष्टन:
क्रिया (कर्तृ: ‘you [pl.]’)
TypeVerb
Root√श्नथ् (श्नथति ‘to strike/crush/hew’)
सखायःfriends; comrades
सखायः:
कर्तृ/सम्बोधन (vocative-like address in Vedic; syntactically agents)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
दीर्घजिह्व्यम्the long-tongued one
दीर्घजिह्व्यम्:
कर्म (apposition to श्वानम्)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootदीर्घ-जिह्व्य (समास; दीर्घ ‘long’ + जिह्व्य ‘tongued’ < जिह्वा)
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