Rig Veda 8.73.18: Mandala 8, Sukta 73, Mantra 18
Sukta 8.73
Rishi: Atri (probable, as the hymn repeatedly references Atraye; traditional attribution to Atri or Atris in Aśvin hymns)
Devata: Aśvinau (refrain), though the verse’s imperative ‘ruja’ is a general call for breaking the obstruction
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable: short refrain-like structure; exact meter requires full hymn scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पुरं न धृष्णवा रुज कृष्णया बाधितो विशा । अन्ति षद्भूतु वामवः ॥
Transliteration
púraṃ na dhṛ́ṣṇavā́ ruja kṛ́ṣṇayā bādhitó viśā́ | ánti ṣádbhūtu vāmávaḥ ||
Translation
Durchbreche, wie ein Kühner, der eine Burg zerschlägt, den, den die Schwärze in den vielen Völkern bedrängt; nahe sei und wahrhaft gegenwärtig eure Hilfe.
Word by Word
पुरम्a fort/stronghold
पुरम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपुर्/पुर (प्रातिपदिक: पुर् ‘fort, stronghold’)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
धृष्णवाthe bold one
धृष्णवा:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootधृष्णु (प्रातिपदिक: धृष्णु ‘bold, daring’)
रुजbreak! shatter!
रुज:
—
TypeVerb
Rootरुज् (धातु)
कृष्णयाwith the black (power/force); by the dark one
कृष्णया:
करण
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक: कृष्ण ‘black, dark’)
बाधितःpressed/afflicted
बाधितः:
कर्तृ (वर्ण्यः/विशेष्यः)
TypeParticiple
Rootबाध् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
विशाby/with the people (clan)
विशा:
करण/सह
TypeNoun
Rootविश् (प्रातिपदिक: विश् ‘clan, people, settlement’)
अन्तिnear, close
अन्ति:
अधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्ति (अव्यय)
षत्sitting; being seated
षत्:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple (used verbally)
Rootसद् (धातु) → सत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त) / वेदिक रूप षत्
भूतुlet (him/it) be
भूतु:
—
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
वामवःfavor; gracious help
वामवः:
कर्तृ/विशेष्य (भूतु इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootवाम (प्रातिपदिक: वाम ‘good, pleasant, favorable’) + वस्/वः (वेदिक प्रत्यय/प्रातिपदिक: ‘goodwill, favor’)
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