Rig Veda 8.7.28: Mandala 8, Sukta 7, Mantra 28

Sukta 8.7

Rishi: Kāṇva (tradition; confirm)

Devata: Maruts (bright host moving with chariots; waters stirred)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यदेषां पृषती रथे प्रष्टिर्वहति रोहितः । यान्ति शुभ्रा रिणन्नपः ॥

Transliteration

yád eṣā́ṃ pṛ́ṣatī rathe práṣṭir váhati róhitaḥ | yā́nti śubhrā́ riṇánn apáḥ ||

Translation

Wenn ihre scheckige (Stute) am Wagen ist und die rote das Deichselholz zieht, dann ziehen die lichten Mächte dahin und lassen die Wasser erzittern, in Bewegung geraten.

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Word by Word

• यत्: when / that which
• यत्: Adhikaraṇa (temporal/relative connector)
• Type: Indeclinable (relative pronoun used as conjunction)
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• एषाम्: of them
• एषाम्: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• पृषती: the speckled (mare/doe)
• पृषती: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृषत्/पृषती (prātipadika; ‘speckled doe/mare’)

• रथे: on/in the chariot
• रथे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (prātipadika)

• प्रष्टिः: the whip/goad
• प्रष्टिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रष्टि (prātipadika; ‘goad/whip, lash’)

• वहति: carries / bears
• वहति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: वह् (धातु)

• रोहितः: the red (steed)
• रोहितः: Kartā (with implied subject ‘steed’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: रोहित (prātipadika; ‘red, ruddy’; also ‘the red (steed)’)

• यान्ति: they go
• यान्ति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)

• शुभ्राः: the bright/white ones
• शुभ्राः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: शुभ्र (prātipadika)

• रिणन्: sounding, ringing
• रिणन्: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (manner)
• Type: Verbal participle (present active) used adverbially
• Root: रिण्/रिण् (धातु; ‘to sound, ring’)

• अपः: the waters
• अपः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (prātipadika; ‘water’)