Rig Veda 8.20.19: Mandala 8, Sukta 20, Mantra 19

Sukta 8.20

Rishi: Sobharī Kāṇva (traditional attribution for RV 8.20, Kāṇva lineage)

Devata: Marutāḥ (or a youthful leading power among them; ambiguous within isolated verse)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable for RV 8.20; verse-length and cadence align with common Marut hymns)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यून ऊ षु नविष्ठया वृष्णः पावकाँ अभि सोभरे गिरा । गाय गा इव चर्कृषत् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 8.20.19

Transliteration

yū́nā ū́ ṣú náviṣṭhayā vṛ́ṣṇaḥ pāvakā́m̐ abhí sóbhare girā́ | gā́ya gā́ iva cárkṛṣat ||

Translation

O Jüngling, mit dem neuesten Wort des Starken bringe ich dir die reinigenden Flammen-Kräfte dar. Sing—wie Kühe brüllen—lass die Stimme wirken und widerhallen.

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Word by Word

• यूनम्: the young (one); youthful (Agni/Indra)
• यूनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युवन्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऊ: indeed; just; also
• ऊ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ऊ (निपात)

• षु: quickly; indeed
• षु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: षु (निपात)

• नविष्ठया: with the newest/most fresh (hymn/utterance)
• नविष्ठया: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नविष्ठ- (नव + इष्ठ, अतिशयार्थक)

• वृष्णः: of the bull; of the mighty one
• वृष्णः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषन्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• पावकान्: the purifying/bright ones
• पावकान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पावक- (पु/पू ‘शुद्धौ’ से; ‘शुद्ध करनेवाला/दीप्त’)

• अभि: towards; unto
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• सोभरे: bear/bring (it) forth; offer
• सोभरे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भृ (भरणे) + उपसर्ग सो-/सु- (वैदिक रूप)

• गिरा: with a song/hymn
• गिरा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिर्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• गाय: sing!
• गाय: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गै (गाने) / √गा (गाने) वैदिक

• गाः: cows
• गाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो- (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like; as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (उपमा-अव्यय)

• चर्कृषत्: has driven/drawn; has urged on
• चर्कृषत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृष् (कर्षणे/आकर्षणे; वैदिक ‘खींचना/हांकना’)