Rig Veda 7.74.6: Mandala 7, Sukta 74, Mantra 6

Sukta 7.74

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha-gotra; Mandala 7 is predominantly Vasiṣṭha)

Devata: Contextually aligned with Uṣas-cycle transition (Dawn powers) and the protecting ‘nṛpātaraḥ’ as allied luminous agencies; exact devatā for 7.74.6 requires full sukta header in the source recension

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; Mandala 7 frequently uses Triṣṭubh in such praise-verses—confirmable with full metrical scan)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र ये ययुरवृकासो रथा इव नृपातारो जनानाम् । उत स्वेन शवसा शूशुवुर्नर उत क्षियन्ति सुक्षितिम् ॥

Transliteration

prá yé yayúr avṛkā́so ráthā iva nṛpātā́ro jánānām | utá svéna śávasā śūśuvúr nára utá kṣíyanti su-kṣitím ||

Translation

Vorwärts ziehen jene, die ohne „Wolf“ sind—unversehrt, ohne Trug—wie Wagen: die Hüter der Völker. Und aus eigener Kraft (śavas) erstarken sie immer mehr als wahre Männer; und sie wohnen in guter Wohnstatt, in wohlgefügter Siedlung des Seins.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• ये: who, which (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• ययुः: went, have gone
• ययुः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)

• अवृकासः: wolf-less; unharmed/undevoured (by wolves)
• अवृकासः: Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-वृक (प्रातिपदिक; nañ + वृक)

• रथाः: chariots
• रथाः: Upamāna (simile-base)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• नृपातारः: protectors of men; rulers
• नृपातारः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृ-पातृ (तत्पुरुष प्रातिपदिक)

• जनानाम्: of the peoples
• जनानाम्: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत: and also; moreover
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत

• स्वेन: with their own
• स्वेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: स्व (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• शवसा: strength, might
• शवसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: शवस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• शूशुवुः: grew strong; became vigorous
• शूशुवुः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्वि/शु (धातु; Vedic intensive/perfect formation)

• नरः: men; heroes
• नरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत: and also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत

• क्षियन्ति: dwell; abide; settle
• क्षियन्ति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षि (धातु)

• सुक्षितिम्: good dwelling/abode; good settlement
• सुक्षितिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु-क्षिति (प्रातिपदिक; उपसर्ग/उपपद + क्षिति)