Rig Veda 6.41.4: Mandala 6, Sukta 41, Mantra 4

Sukta 6.41

Rishi: Bharadvāja (Bārhaspatya) tradition (Mandala 6 is predominantly Bharadvāja-family); specific attribution for 6.41 commonly to Bharadvāja lineage.

Devata: Indra (with Soma as the empowering offering).

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable pādas; typical for Indra-Soma hymns in Mandala 6).

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सुतः सोमो असुतादिन्द्र वस्यानयं श्रेयाञ्चिकितुषे रणाय । एतं तितिर्व उप याहि यज्ञं तेन विश्वास्तविषीरा पृणस्व ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 6.41.4

Transliteration

sutáḥ sómo ásutād indra vásyān ayáṃ śréyāñ cikitúṣe ráṇāya | etáṃ titirváḥ úpa yāhi yajñáṃ téna víśvā́s táviṣīr ā́ pṛṇasva ||

Translation

Ausgepresst ist der Soma – stärker als der ungepresste, o Indra; dieser hier ist der bessere, für den Wissenden, für den Kampf. Zu diesem Opfer komm heran, alle Unzulänglichkeit überwindend; durch ihn erfülle all deine Kraftmächte in uns.

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Word by Word

• सुतः: pressed, expressed
• सुतः: कर्तृ/विधेय-विशेषणम् (predicate qualifier of सोमः)
• Type: Adjective (past passive participle used predicatively)
• Root: √सु (सुते) / सुत- (ppp)

• सोमः: Soma (the pressed sacred drink)
• सोमः: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम- (प्रातिपदिक)

• असुतात्: from the unpressed (state), from what is not pressed
• असुतात्: अपादान
• Type: Noun (ablatival source)
• Root: असुत- (a-suta- ‘unpressed’) (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: इन्द्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• वस्यान्: better, more excellent
• वस्यान्: विधेय-विशेषणम् (of अयम्/सोमः)
• Type: Adjective (comparative)
• Root: वस्य- (comparative stem from वसु/वसि ‘good, excellent’)

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: कर्ता/विषय (this one—Soma)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• श्रेयाञ्: more beneficial, better
• श्रेयाञ्: विधेय-विशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective (comparative)
• Root: श्रेयस्- (comparative of श्री ‘prosperity, splendor’)

• चिकितुषे: for the discerning one (Indra), for the knowing
• चिकितुषे: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun/Adjective used as substantive (to the wise/knowing one)
• Root: √चित् (चेतति) → चिकितु- (perfect/ reduplicated stem ‘one who has perceived/understood’)

• रणाय: for battle, for combat
• रणाय: सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन (purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण- (प्रातिपदिक)

• एतम्: this (one), him/it
• एतम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• तितिर्वः: your overcomer/crosser (helper)
• तितिर्वः: कर्ता (तितिर्) + सम्बन्ध (वः)
• Type: Noun/Agentive + enclitic pronoun
• Root: √तॄ (तॄ/तॢ ‘to cross, overcome’) → तितिर्- (desiderative/iterative-type Vedic stem ‘one who wishes to cross/overcome’); वः = युष्मद्

• उप: near, up to
• उप: क्रियाविशेषण (directional: ‘near’)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/adverb)
• Root: उप (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• याहि: come, go
• याहि: क्रिया (आह्वान)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (याति)

• यज्ञम्: sacrifice, ritual
• यज्ञम्: कर्म (goal of motion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ- (प्रातिपदिक)

• तेन: with that, by that
• तेन: करण
• Type: Pronoun (instrumental)
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वाः: all
• विश्वाः: कर्म (object of पृणस्व)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively: ‘all [things]’)
• Root: विश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)

• तविषीः: powers, mighty strengths
• तविषीः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: तविषी- (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: fully, unto
• आ: क्रियाविशेषण (completive/intensive)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• पृणस्व: fill, satisfy
• पृणस्व: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पॄ (पृणाति ‘to fill, satisfy’)