Rig Veda 5.58.7: Mandala 5, Sukta 58, Mantra 7

Sukta 5.58

Rishi: Atri (Atrayas) — traditional attribution for RV 5.58 (Marut hymn)

Devata: Maruts (Rudriyas)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable for RV 5.58; verse-style consistent with triṣṭubh cadence)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्रथिष्ट यामन्पृथिवी चिदेषां भर्तेव गर्भं स्वमिच्छवो धुः । वातान्ह्यश्वान्धुर्यायुयुज्रे वर्षं स्वेदं चक्रिरे रुद्रियासः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.58.7

Transliteration

práthīṣṭa yā́man pṛthivī́ cíd eṣā́m bhártā-iva gárbhaṃ svám ícchavo dhuḥ | vātā́n hí áśvān dhurí ā́yuyujre várṣaṃ svédam cakrire rudríyāsaḥ ||

Translation

Fest ist ihr Vorwärtsgang; selbst die Erde weicht ihrem Druck, wie ein Gatte den eigenen Samen in sich trägt und bewahrt. Sie, die rudrischen Mächte, spannen die Winde wie Rosse an die Deichsel; sie schaffen Regen und den Schweiß des Ringens — Zeichen einer Kraft, die die Natur zwingt, das Verborgene freizugeben.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• प्रथिष्ठ: most widely, far and wide
• प्रथिष्ठ: Adhikaraṇa (extent/measure; adverbial)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथिṣ्ठ (प्रथ्/पृथ् ‘to spread, be broad’ + इष्ठ superlative)

• यामन्: in the course/track (of their going), on the way
• यामन्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: यामन् (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• पृथिवी: the Earth
• पृथिवी: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• चित्: even
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (particle)

• एषाम्: of these (of them)
• एषाम्: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम्)

• भर्ता: a bearer, husband
• भर्ता: Kartā (in simile)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भर्तृ (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (particle)

• गर्भम्: embryo, womb, inner burden
• गर्भम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्भ (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• स्वम्: one’s own
• स्वम्: Karma (qualifier)
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: स्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम्)

• इच्छवः: desirous ones
• इच्छवः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: इच्छु (प्रातिपदिकम्; ‘desirous’)

• धुः: they placed, they set
• धुः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु ‘to put, place’; Vedic perfect/aorist-like form)

• वातान्: winds
• वातान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (particle)

• अश्वान्: horses
• अश्वान्: Karma (object of yoking)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• धुर्याय: for the yoking, for the harnessing
• धुर्याय: Sampradāna (purpose/goal)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धुर्य (प्रातिपदिकम्; ‘fit for the yoke/shaft’)

• युयुज्रे: they yoked (for themselves), they harnessed
• युयुज्रे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (धातु ‘to yoke, join’)

• वर्षम्: rain
• वर्षम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• स्वेदम्: sweat, moisture
• स्वेदम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वेद (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (conjunction)

• चक्रिरे: they made, they produced
• चक्रिरे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु ‘to do, make’)

• रुद्रियासः: the Rudriyas (Maruts)
• रुद्रियासः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: रुद्रिय (प्रातिपदिकम्; ‘belonging to Rudra’, i.e., Maruts)