Rig Veda 5.53.9: Mandala 5, Sukta 53, Mantra 9

Sukta 5.53

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) tradition; hymn to the Maruts (attribution commonly given to Atri or Atris in Mandala 5 Marut sections)

Devata: Maruts (storm-powers; collective hosts of Indra’s force)

Chandas: Trishtubh (dominant meter in this Marut hymn section; this verse follows the typical Trishtubh cadence)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

मा वो रसानितभा कुभा क्रुमुर्मा वः सिन्धुर्नि रीरमत् । मा वः परि ष्ठात्सरयुः पुरीषिण्यस्मे इत्सुम्नमस्तु वः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.53.9

Transliteration

mā vo rásā anitabhā kúbhā krúmur mā vaḥ síndhur ní rīramat | mā vaḥ pári ṣṭhāt saráyuḥ purīṣíṇy asmé ít sumnám astu vaḥ ||

Translation

Mögen euch die Ströme — Rasā, Anitabhā, Kubhā und Krumu — in eurem Drang nicht hemmen; möge euch der Sindhu nicht zurückwenden; möge Sarayu, reich an Fülle, nicht als Sperre rings um euch stehen. Uns aber sei wahrlich eure gnädige Gunst.

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Word by Word

• मा: do not / lest
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) अव्यय

• वः: of you / your
• वः: सम्बन्ध (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• र॒सानि॑तभाः: the Rasā and the Nitabhā (rivers)
• र॒सानि॑तभाः: कर्तृ (of the feared action, with implied verb ‘harm/overwhelm’ under mā)
• Type: Noun (proper name) / Adjective used as river-name
• Root: रसा + नितभ (प्रातिपदिक) → रसानितभ

• कुभा: the Kubhā (river)
• कुभा: कर्तृ (under mā)
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: कुभा (नदी-नाम)

• क्रुमुः: the Krumu (river)
• क्रुमुः: कर्तृ (under mā)
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: क्रुमु (नदी-नाम)

• मा: do not / lest
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) अव्यय

• वः: of you / your
• वः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• सिन्धुः: the Sindhu (Indus / great river)
• सिन्धुः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु

• नि: down / away (prefix)
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• रीरमत्: may (it) not rush/roam/assail
• रीरमत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: रम् (धातु) with reduplication: रीरम्

• मा: do not / lest
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) अव्यय

• वः: of you / your
• वः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• परि: around (prefix)
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• ष्ठात्: may (it) not stand/come to stand
• ष्ठात्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)

• सरयुः: the Sarayū (river)
• सरयुः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: सरयु (नदी-नाम)

• पुरीषिणी: silt-laden / muddy
• पुरीषिणी: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरीषिन् (adj. ‘muddy, rich in silt’) → स्त्री: पुरीषिणी

• अस्मे: for us
• अस्मे: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• इत्: indeed / just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• सुम्नम्: favor / grace
• सुम्नम्: प्रधानीय-विशेष्य (predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुम्न

• अस्तु: let there be
• अस्तु: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• वः: of you / your
• वः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्