Rig Veda 4.4.13: Mandala 4, Sukta 4, Mantra 13

Sukta 4.4

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama / Mamateya tradition (internal reference)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ये पायवो मामतेयं ते अग्ने पश्यन्तो अन्धं दुरितादरक्षन् । ररक्ष तान्त्सुकृतो विश्ववेदा दिप्सन्त इद्रिपवो नाह देभुः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.4.13

Transliteration

yé pā́yavo māmateyáṃ te agne páśyanto andháṃ duritā́d árakṣan | rárakṣa tā́n sukṛ́to viśvávedā dípsanta íd ripávo nā́ha debhuḥ ||

Translation

Jene deine Wächter, o Agni, schützten den Sohn der Mamata, selbst die blinde Stelle erblickend, vor Unheil. Du, Allwissender, bewahrtest sie durch ihr rechtes Tun; obgleich Feinde Schaden begehrten, gelang es ihnen keineswegs.

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Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• पायवः: protectors, guardians
• पायवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पायु- (prātipadika; from √पा ‘to protect’)

• मामतेयम्: Māmateya (Agni, descendant/son of Mamatā)
• मामतेयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: मामतेय- (patronymic prātipadika from ममता)

• ते: they
• ते: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: (Sambodhana)
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: अग्नि- (prātipadika)

• पश्यन्तः: seeing
• पश्यन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √पश् (to see) → पश्यन्त् (present active participle)

• अन्धम्: the blind (one)/darkness
• अन्धम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: अन्ध- (prātipadika)

• दुरितात्: from distress/sin, from misfortune
• दुरितात्: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुरित- (prātipadika)

• अरक्षन्: they protected
• अरक्षन्: (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रक्ष् (to protect)

• ररक्ष: he has protected / protected
• ररक्ष: (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रक्ष् (to protect)

• तान्: them
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• सुकृतः: the well-doers, the pious
• सुकृतः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: सु-कृत- (prātipadika)

• विश्ववेदा: O all-knowing one
• विश्ववेदा: (Sambodhana)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: विश्व-वेदा- (bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa prātipadika; epithet of Agni)

• दिप्सन्तः: desiring to harm, plotting
• दिप्सन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √दिप्स्/दभ्? (desiderative stem दिप्स- ‘wish to harm/deceive’) → दिप्सन्त् (present participle)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इद् (particle; Vedic form of ‘indeed/just’)

• रिपवः: enemies
• रिपवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: रिपु- (prātipadika)

• न: not
• न: (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle)

• अह: at all, indeed
• अह: (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अह (particle; emphatic/asseverative)

• देभुः: they deceived/harmed
• देभुः: (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दभ् (to deceive, injure) → देभुः