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Rig Veda 4.23.10: Mandala 4, Sukta 23, Mantra 10

Sukta 4.23

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional attribution for RV 4.23)
Devata: Ṛta (Truth-Order), with cow/light symbolism as its boons
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verse-level verification needed)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ऋतं येमान ऋतमिद्वनोत्यृतस्य शुष्मस्तुरया उ गव्युः । ऋताय पृथ्वी बहुले गभीरे ऋताय धेनू परमे दुहाते ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.23.10
Transliteration

ṛtáṃ yemānā́ ṛtám íd vanoty ṛtásya śúṣmas turáyā u gavyúḥ | ṛtā́ya pṛthvī́ bahulé gabhīré ṛtā́ya dhenū́ paramé duhāte ||

Translation

Wer an der Ṛta festhält, gewinnt die Ṛta; die Kraft der Ṛta drängt voran, auf der Suche nach den lichtvollen Herden. Für die Ṛta wird die weite Erde reich und tief; für die Ṛta melken die zwei Milch-Kühe im höchsten Bereich ihre Milch – Ströme der Fülle.

Word by Word
ऋतम्truth; cosmic order (ṛta)
ऋतम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक) < √ऋ (ऋ- गतौ/ऋ- सत्ये; ‘ऋत’ = cosmic order, truth)
येwho (those who)
ये:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ईमानःadvancing; going onward
ईमानः:
कर्तृ (ये इमानाः = who are advancing)
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Root√ईम्/ई (ईम- गत्यर्थः; ‘ईमान’ = going/advancing) + शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
ऋतम्ṛta (truth/order)
ऋतम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
इत्indeed; just
इत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (निपात)
वनोतिwins; obtains
वनोति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वन् (वन्- लाभे/प्राप्तौ)
ऋतस्यof ṛta
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
शुष्मःmight; vigor
शुष्मः:
कर्तृ (वाक्यांशे ‘शुष्मः’ = बलम्)
TypeNoun
Rootशुष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
तुरायाःof the swift one
तुरायाः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Noun
Rootतुरा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘swift/impetuous’)
उand; also; indeed
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
गव्युःcow-seeking; seeking cattle
गव्युः:
कर्तृ/विशेषण (शुष्मः … गव्युः)
TypeAdjective
Rootगव्यु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘seeking cows/pasture’)
ऋतायfor ṛta; to ṛta
ऋताय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
पृथ्वीthe Earth
पृथ्वी:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootपृथ्वी (प्रातिपदिक)
बहुलेbroad; abundant; wide
बहुले:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुल (प्रातिपदिक)
गभीरेdeep
गभीरे:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootगभीर (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतायfor ṛta; to ṛta
ऋताय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
धेनूthe milch-cow
धेनू:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु (प्रातिपदिक)
परमेin the highest (place/state)
परमे:
अधिकारण
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक)
दुहातेthe two milk (yield)
दुहाते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√दुह् (दुह्- प्रपूरणे/दोहने ‘to milk’)
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