Rig Veda 3.16.2: Mandala 3, Sukta 16, Mantra 2
Sukta 3.16
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (family attribution)
Devata: Agni with the Maruts (secondary invocation)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; confirm in edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
इमं नरो मरुतः सश्चता वृधं यस्मिन्रायः शेवृधासः । अभि ये सन्ति पृतनासु दूढ्यो विश्वाहा शत्रुमादभुः ॥
Transliteration
imáṃ naro marutaḥ saścata vṛ́dhaṃ yásmin rāyáḥ śé-vṛdhāsaḥ | abhí yé sánti pṛ́tanāsu dū́ḍhyo viśvā́hā śátrum ādabhúḥ ||
Translation
O Männer, o Maruts, begleitet diese wachsende Kraft, in der die Reichtümer gedeihen und erstarken. Die, welche in den Schlachten feststehen, überwältigen — Tag um Tag — den Feind.
Word by Word
इमम्this (him/this one)
इमम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नरःmen
नरः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (प्रातिपदिक: नर)
मरुतःthe Maruts
मरुतः:
कर्तृ (नरः इति सह समन्वयः)
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
सश्चतfollow / accompany
सश्चत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootसश्च् (धातु; ‘सह गच्छति/अनुगच्छति’)
वृधम्the growing/strengthening one
वृधम्:
कर्म (इमम् … वृधम्)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootवृध् (धातु) → वृध (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक ‘वर्धमान/वर्धक’)
यस्मिन्in whom
यस्मिन्:
अधिकरण
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
रायःof wealth
रायः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootराय्/रयि (प्रातिपदिक: राय ‘wealth’)
शेवृधासःprosperity-increasing / wealth-enhancing
शेवृधासः:
कर्तृ (मरुतः/नरः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootशेवृध (प्रातिपदिक; ‘शे/शिव’ + वृध ‘increasing’)
अभिtowards, against
अभि:
क्रियाविशेषण (अभिमुख्य/अभिगमन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
येwho
ये:
कर्तृ (सन्ति)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सन्तिare
सन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
पृतनासुin battles
पृतनासु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootपृतना (प्रातिपदिक ‘battle/host’)
दूढ्यःhard to overcome / formidable
दूढ्यः:
कर्तृ (ये … दूढ्यः)
TypeAdjective
Rootदूढ्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दृढ/दूढ’ = firm, hard-to-overcome)
विश्वाहाalways, all days
विश्वाहा:
कालाधिकरण (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविश्व + अह (अव्ययीभाव)
शत्रुम्enemy
शत्रुम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
आदभुःthey have crushed/overpowered
आदभुः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootदभ् (धातु; ‘हानौ/वञ्चने’), उपसर्गः आ-
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