Rig Veda 10.40.12: Mandala 10, Sukta 40, Mantra 12

Sukta 10.40

Devata: Aśvinau (with Aryaman invoked as associated power)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ वामगन्त्सुमतिर्वाजिनीवसू न्यश्विना हृत्सु कामा अयंसत । अभूतं गोपा मिथुना शुभस्पती प्रिया अर्यम्णो दुर्याँ अशीमहि ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.40.12

Transliteration

ā́ vām agan sumatír vājinīvasū ny aśvinā hṛtsú kā́mā ayaṃsata | ábhūtaṃ gopā́ mithunā́ śúbhaspatī priyā́ aryamṇó dúryāṃ aśīmahi ||

Translation

Zu euch ist die rechte Gesinnung gekommen, o Herren der Fülle; o Aśvins, die Wünsche des Herzens sind hineingelegt. Werdet zu Hütern — ihr Zwillinge, Herren der Schönheit; mögen wir die lieben Tore Aryamans erreichen.

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Word by Word

• आ: hither, towards
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• वाम्: you two
• वाम्: Karma (goal of motion) / संबन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अगन्त्: came / has come
• अगन्त्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)

• सुमतिः: good thought; good favor
• सुमतिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु- + मति (प्रातिपदिक)

• वाजिनीवसू: O you two rich in prize-winning (horses/strength), O Aśvins
• वाजिनीवसू: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वाजिनी-वसु (प्रातिपदिक; द्वन्द्व/बहुव्रीहि-समास as epithet)

• नि: down, into
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग) / ni (preverb)

• अश्विना: O Aśvins
• अश्विना: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• हृत्सु: in (our) hearts
• हृत्सु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृद् (प्रातिपदिक)

• कामाः: desires
• कामाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)

• अयंसत: were directed / reached
• अयंसत: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: यम् (धातु) with preverb आ- (ā-yam)

• अभूतम्: you two became / you two were
• अभूतम्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)

• गोपाः: protectors; cowherds (guardians)
• गोपाः: Kartā (predicative) / विशेषण
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोपा (प्रातिपदिक)

• मिथुना: paired, the two together
• मिथुना: Kartā (predicative) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मिथुन (प्रातिपदिक)

• शुभस्पती: O lords of splendor/beauty
• शुभस्पती: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: शुभस्-पति (प्रातिपदिक; तत्पुरुष)

• प्रियाः: dear, beloved
• प्रियाः: Kartā (predicative) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)

• अर्यम्णः: of Aryaman
• अर्यम्णः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun (deity name)
• Root: अर्यमन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• दुर्याः: of the house; household (ones)
• दुर्याः: Kartā (predicative) / विशेषण
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: दुर्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘of the house/home’)

• अशीमहि: may we attain / may we obtain
• अशीमहि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अश् (धातु; Vedic ‘to attain, obtain, enjoy’)