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Rig Veda 10.34.13: Mandala 10, Sukta 34, Mantra 13

Sukta 10.34

Rishi: Kavasha Ailusha
Devata: Savitṛ (as revealer/impeller of right course) with didactic address to the gambler
Chandas: Triṣṭubh

अक्षैर्मा दीव्यः कृषिमित्कृषस्व वित्ते रमस्व बहु मन्यमानः । तत्र गावः कितव तत्र जाया तन्मे वि चष्टे सवितायमर्यः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.34.13

akṣáir mā́ dī́vyaḥ kṛṣím ít kṛṣasva vitté ramasva bahú mányamānaḥ | tátra gā́vaḥ kitava tátra jāyā́ tán me ví caṣṭe savitā́yám aryáḥ ||

Spiele nicht mit den Würfeln; bestelle das Feld — tu deine eigne Arbeit. Freue dich am rechtmäßig Erworbenen, es für reichlich haltend. Dort sind die Kühe, o Spieler; dort die Gattin: so zeigt es mir Savitṛ, der Edle.

अक्षैःwith dice
अक्षैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootअक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *h₂eḱs- ‘axle/axis’ → ‘die (for gaming)’
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध अव्यय)
दीव्यः(you) should play / gamble
दीव्यः:
TypeVerb
Root√दिव् (दीव्यति ‘to play, gamble’)
कृषिम्ploughing; agriculture
कृषिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootकृषि (प्रातिपदिक) < √कृष् ‘to plough’
इत्indeed; just
इत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (निपात/अव्यय)
कृषस्वplough!
कृषस्व:
TypeVerb
Root√कृष् (कृषति ‘to plough’)
वित्तेin/with wealth; in possessions
वित्ते:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootवित्त (प्रातिपदिक) < √विद्/√विन्द् ‘to find, obtain’ → ‘wealth’
रमस्वtake delight; enjoy
रमस्व:
TypeVerb
Root√रम् (रमते ‘to delight, enjoy’)
बहुmuch; greatly
बहु:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु (प्रातिपदिक)
मन्यमानःthinking; deeming (to oneself)
मन्यमानः:
कर्तृ (अन्तर्भूत)
TypeParticiple
Root√मन् (मन्यते ‘to think, deem’) + शानच्
तत्रthere
तत्र:
अधिकारण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
गावःthe cows
गावः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
कितवO gambler
कितव:
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootकितव (प्रातिपदिक) ‘gambler, cheat’
तत्रthere
तत्र:
अधिकारण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
जायाthe wife
जाया:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootजाया (प्रातिपदिक) ‘wife’
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मेto me / of me
मे:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (contextual)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
विapart; clearly
वि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
चष्टेdeclares; points out
चष्टे:
TypeVerb
Root√चक्ष् (चष्टे ‘to see, show, tell’)
सविताSavitar (the impeller-god)
सविता:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक) ‘Savitar’
अयम्this
अयम्:
कर्तृ (समानाधिकरण)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अर्यःthe noble one; the kindly man
अर्यः:
कर्तृ (समानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअर्य (प्रातिपदिक) ‘kindly/faithful man; noble’

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