Rig Veda 10.154.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 154, Mantra 2
Sukta 10.154
Devata: The accomplished ones (tapasvins) in the Yama/Pitṛ context; implicitly Yama as guide across the hymn
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तपसा ये अनाधृष्यास्तपसा ये स्वर्ययुः । तपो ये चक्रिरे महस्ताँश्चिदेवापि गच्छतात् ॥
Transliteration
tápasā yé anādhṛ́ṣyās tápasā yé svàr yayúḥ | tápo yé cakriré máhas tā́ṃś cid evā́pi gacchatāt ||
Translation
Möge er wahrlich zu denen gelangen, die durch Tapas unangreifbar sind, die durch Tapas in die Sonnenwelt (Svar) gegangen sind, die durch Tapas das Große gewirkt haben—zu ihnen möge er gelangen.
Word by Word
तपसाby/with austerity, by tapas
तपसा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक) < √तप् (तप् ‘तप्/उष्णीकरणे, तपस्या’)
येwho (those who)
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अनाधृष्याःunassailable, unconquerable
अनाधृष्याः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootअनाधृष्य (प्रातिपदिक; न- + आ-√धृष् ‘धर्षणे/अभिभवे’ → ‘अधृष्य’ ‘to be overpowered’)
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक) < √तप्
येwho
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
स्वर्ययुःheaven-going, going to the sun/heaven
स्वर्ययुः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वर्ययु (प्रातिपदिक; स्वर् ‘स्वर्ग/प्रकाश’ + ययु ‘going’ < √या ‘गत्यर्थ’)
तपःtapas (austerity)
तपः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक) < √तप्
येwho
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
चक्रिरेthey have done/made, they performed
चक्रिरे:
—
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करणे) — वैदिक आत्मनेपद-परस्मैपदभेदेषु; लिट्
महत्the great (deed/thing), greatness
महत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Noun-like
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक) < √मह् ‘वृद्धौ/महत्त्वे’
तान्those (them)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चित्indeed, even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात)
एवjust, precisely
एव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (निपात)
अपिalso, even
अपि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (निपात)
गच्छतात्let him go/attain (may he reach)
गच्छतात्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गत्यर्थ)
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