Rig Veda 10.108.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 108, Mantra 1

Sukta 10.108

Devata: Saramā (in dialogue context; hymn concerns the recovery of the hidden cows/treasures)

Chandas: Jagatī/Triṣṭubh mixture is reported for parts of RV 10.108 (verification recommended at verse-level)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

किमिच्छन्ती सरमा प्रेदमानड्दूरे ह्यध्वा जगुरिः पराचैः । कास्मेहितिः का परितक्म्यासीत्कथं रसाया अतरः पयांसि ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.108.1

Transliteration

kím icchántī sarámā prá idám ānaḍ dūré hí ádhvā jáguriḥ parācáiḥ | kā́ asméhítiḥ kā́ paritakmyā́ āsīt katháṃ rasā́yā ataraḥ páyāṃsi ||

Translation

Was suchend kam Saramā hierher, laut rufend? Fern ist ja der Weg, schwer zu durchschreiten aus dem Jenseits. Was war dein Vorhaben uns gegenüber, was dein kreisendes Nachspüren? Wie hast du die Wasser der Rasā (Rasā) überschritten?

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Word by Word

• किम्: what?
• किम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम् (प्रश्नसर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इच्छन्ती: desiring
• इच्छन्ती: Kartā
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: इष् (धातु) → इच्छ् (वर्तमान-धातु)

• सरमा: Saramā
• सरमा: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: सरमा (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग)

• ईदम्: this (place/thing)
• ईदम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• आनट्: has reached, came
• आनट्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अन् (धातु) / आनट् (RV-विधि: परस्मैपद, लिट्/परफेक्ट)

• दूरे: far away
• दूरे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adverbial (from noun)
• Root: दूर (प्रातिपदिक)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• अध्वा: the path, journey
• अध्वा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• जगुरिः: the singer/utterer (one who speaks)
• जगुरिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Agent noun
• Root: गॄ/गिर् (धातु: ‘to sing/utter’) → जगुरि- (RV-रूप)

• परा: away, forth
• परा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परा (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अचैः: sideways, obliquely / in a deviating way
• अचैः: —
• Type: Indeclinable (adverbial)
• Root: अञ्च् (धातु) → अचि- (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्ताधार) / अचैः (अव्यय-प्रयोग)

• का: who? (fem.)
• का: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: क (प्रश्नसर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्मै: to this one, for him
• अस्मै: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• एहि: come!
• एहि: —
• Type: Verb (imperative)
• Root: इ (धातु)

• इति: thus
• इति: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (निपात)

• कः: who?
• कः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: क (प्रश्नसर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• परि: around, about
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• तक्म्या: wandering, roving
• तक्म्या: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तक्म्य (प्रातिपदिक; RV-विशेषण)

• आसीत्: was
• आसीत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• कथम्: how?
• कथम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम् (प्रश्न-अव्यय)

• रसायाḥ: of the Rasā (river/stream)
• रसायाḥ: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: रसा (प्रातिपदिक; नदी/धारा-नाम)

• अतरः: did you cross
• अतरः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ (धातु: ‘to cross’) → अतॄ/अतर् (लङ्-रूप)

• पयांसि: waters, streams
• पयांसि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस् (प्रातिपदिक)