Rig Veda 10.102.8: Mandala 10, Sukta 102, Mantra 8

Sukta 10.102

Rishi: Mudgala

Devata: Indra (implicit as giver of taviṣī/nṛmṇa)

Chandas: Trishtubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

शुनमष्ट्राव्यचरत्कपर्दी वरत्रायां दार्वानह्यमानः । नृम्णानि कृण्वन्बहवे जनाय गाः पस्पशानस्तविषीरधत्त ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.102.8

Transliteration

śunám aṣṭrāvy ácarat kapardī́ varatrā́yāṃ dā́rv ā́nahyamānaḥ | nṛmnā́ni kṛṇván baháve jánāya gā́ḥ paspaśānáḥ tavíṣīr adhatta ||

Translation

Heiter zog der Geflochtene dahin, mit dem Riemen an die hölzerne Deichsel gebunden. Heldische Kräfte schaffend für viele Menschen, die Kühe (die Strahlen) berührend, setzte er Stärken in sich fest.

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Word by Word

• शुनम्: well; prosperously
• शुनम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शुनम् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *suH-no- (well, prosperously)

• अष्ट्रा: with a goad/whip
• अष्ट्रा: Karaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अष्ट्रा (अव्यय/उपपद) < अष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक, ‘goad/whip’)

• अव्यचरत्: he moved/went about
• अव्यचरत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चर् (चरति) + उपसर्ग अवि-/अवि- (वेदिक), लङ्

• कपर्दी: the braided(-haired) one
• कपर्दी: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: कपर्दिन् (प्रातिपदिक ‘with braided hair/topknot’)

• वरत्रायाम्: on/at the strap (rein)
• वरत्रायाम्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरत्रा (प्रातिपदिक ‘strap, rope, rein’)

• दारु: with wood; with a wooden (piece)
• दारु: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: दारु (प्रातिपदिक ‘wood’)

• आनह्यमानः: being bound; fastening himself
• आनह्यमानः: Kartā (सह-कर्तृभावे) / क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Participle
• Root: आ-√नह् (नह्यति ‘to bind, fasten’)

• नृम्णानि: heroic powers; manly mights
• नृम्णानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृम्ण (प्रातिपदिक ‘manly power, heroic might’)

• कृण्वन्: making; producing
• कृण्वन्: Kartā (सह-कर्तृभावे) / क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Participle
• Root: √कृ (करोति)

• बहवे: for the many
• बहवे: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु (प्रातिपदिक ‘many’)

• जनाय: for the people
• जनाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (प्रातिपदिक ‘people, man’)

• गाः: cows
• गाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक ‘cow’)

• पस्पशानः: having looked at/inspected
• पस्पशानः: Kartā (सह-कर्तृभावे) / क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Participle
• Root: √स्पश्/√पश् (वेदिक ‘to see/spy/observe’) – परिपूर्ण/अभ्यास-रूप कृदन्त

• तविषीः: strengths; mighty forces
• तविषीः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तविषी (प्रातिपदिक ‘strength, impetuous force’)

• अधत्त: he placed; he bestowed
• अधत्त: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (दधाति) लङ्