Rig Veda 1.84.10: Mandala 1, Sukta 84, Mantra 10

Sukta 1.84

Rishi: Gotama Rāhūgaṇa

Devata: Indra (with associated luminous powers; Soma-delight imagery)

Chandas: Jagatī (probable due to longer cadence; verse-level confirmation may vary)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

स्वादोरित्था विषूवतो मध्वः पिबन्ति गौर्यः । या इन्द्रेण सयावरीर्वृष्णा मदन्ति शोभसे वस्वीरनु स्वराज्यम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.84.10

Transliteration

svā́dor itthā́ viṣūvátó mádhvaḥ pibanti gáuryāḥ | yā́ índreṇa sa-yā́varīr vṛ́ṣṇā mádanti śóbhase vásvīr ánu sva-rā́jyam ||

Translation

So trinken die Leuchtenden die honigsüße Süße, weithin und frei sich bewegend; die, die mit Indra gemeinsam ziehen, jauchzen mit dem Stier zur Schönheit — reich an Fülle, seinem Selbstkönigtum folgend.

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Word by Word

• स्वादोः: of the sweet (drink/soma)
• स्वादोः: Sambandha (genitival relation)
• Type: Noun (Adj. used substantively)
• Root: स्वादु-

• इत्था: thus, in this way
• इत्था: Adhikaraṇa (manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत्था

• विषूवतः: from the turning-point / from the solstice (midpoint)
• विषूवतः: Apādāna
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विषूवत्-

• मध्वः: of honey/sweet drink (mead; soma)
• मध्वः: Sambandha (genitival relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु-

• पिबन्ति: they drink
• पिबन्ति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (पिबति)

• गौर्यः: the tawny/bright ones (mares/cows; Indra’s steeds)
• गौर्यः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: गौरी-

• याः: who/which
• याः: Kartā (relative pronoun; refers to गौर्यः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्-

• इन्द्रेण: with/by Indra
• इन्द्रेण: Karaṇa / Sahakārī (association/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र-

• सयावरीः: companions/consorts (going together)
• सयावरीः: Kartā (apposition to याः/गौर्यः)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सयावरी-

• वृष्णा: with the bull (the mighty one)
• वृष्णा: Karaṇa / Sahakārī
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषन्-

• मदन्ति: they revel, become exhilarated
• मदन्ति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: मद्

• शोभसे: for splendor/beauty
• शोभसे: Sampradāna (purpose/benefit)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोभस्-

• वस्वीः: wealthy, rich
• वस्वीः: Kartā (apposition to याः/गौर्यः)
• Type: Adjective (f.)
• Root: वस्वी-

• अनु: after, along, following
• अनु: Adhikaraṇa (direction/sequence)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु

• स्वराज्यम्: self-rule, sovereignty
• स्वराज्यम्: Karma (goal/object of अनु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वराज्य-