Rig Veda 1.46.3 — Mandala 1, Sukta 46, Mantra 3

Sukta 1.46

Rishi: Kaṇva

Devata: Aśvins

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वच्यन्ते वां ककुहासो जूर्णायामधि विष्टपि । यद्वां रथो विभिष्पतात् ॥

Transliteration

vácyante vām kakuhā́so jūrṇā́yām ádhi viṣṭápi | yád vām rátho ví-bhiṣ patā́t ||

Translation

Von euch wird gesprochen, von euren hochkammigen Mächten, auf dem weiten Sitz des Himmels, wenn euer Wagen, von vielen Glanzstrahlen umflammt, hervorschießt. So steige eure schnelle Fahrt zu unserem Werk herab und mache den Pfad lichtvoll.

Word by Word

• वच्यन्ते: are proclaimed / are spoken
• वच्यन्ते: Kriyā (verbal predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (वच् ‘to speak, utter’) → वच्य (passive stem)

• वाम्: to you two / of you two
• वाम्: Sampradāna (to you two) / Sambandha (of you two)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (2nd person pronoun)

• ककुहासः: lofty (praises/utterances)
• ककुहासः: Kartā (subject of वच्यन्ते)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ककुहा- (prātipadika; ‘summit/peak; (poet.) lofty praises/lofty utterances’)

• जूर्णायाम्: on/at the worn (one) / in the old (state/place)
• जूर्णायाम्: Adhikaraṇa (location)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: जूर्णा- (prātipadika; ‘old, worn, decayed’; fem.)

• अधि: upon / over
• अधि: Adhikaraṇa (locative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधि (preverb/preposition)

• विष्टपि: on the seat/platform (vishṭapi)
• विष्टपि: Adhikaraṇa (location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्टपि- (prātipadika; ‘seat, platform; (also) heaven/firm place’)

• यत्: when / that which
• यत्: Sambandha (relative connector)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (relative pronoun)

• वाम्: of you two
• वाम्: Sambandha (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• रथः: chariot
• रथः: Kartā (subject of विभिष्पतात्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ- (prātipadika)

• विभिष्पतात्: rushes forth / darts forward
• विभिष्पतात्: Kriyā (verbal predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि- + √भिष्/√भिष्प् (Vedic; ‘to rush, dart, move swiftly’; intensive/iterative-looking formation)