Rig Veda 1.35.11: Mandala 1, Sukta 35, Mantra 11

Sukta 1.35

Rishi: Hiraṇyastūpa Āṅgirasa (traditional attribution for RV 1.35)

Devata: Savitar (Savitṛ)

Chandas: Jagatī (probable for RV 1.35; this verse is in the hymn’s prevailing meter)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ये ते पन्थाः सवितः पूर्व्यासोऽरेणवः सुकृता अन्तरिक्षे । तेभिर्नो अद्य पथिभिः सुगेभी रक्षा च नो अधि च ब्रूहि देव ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.35.11

Transliteration

yé te pánthāḥ savitaḥ pūrvyā́so ’reṇávaḥ su-kṛ́tā antárikṣe | tébhir no adyá pathíbhiḥ su-gébhī rákṣā ca no ádhi ca brūhi deva ||

Translation

O Savitar, jene uralten Wege der deinen — staublos, wohlgefügt im Mittelraum (Antarikṣa). Durch diese guten, leicht begehbaren Pfade behüte uns heute; und sprich auch über uns und in uns, o Gott, das leitende Wort der rechten Richtung.

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Word by Word

• ये: who/which (those)
• ये: Kartā (relative subject of clause)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• ते: of you
• ते: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• पन्थाः: paths
• पन्थाः: Kartā (subject: ‘paths’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पथिन्/पन्था (prātipadika)

• सवितः: O Savitar
• सवितः: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun (deity name)
• Root: सवितृ (prātipadika)

• पूर्व्याः: ancient, former
• पूर्व्याः: Viśeṣaṇa (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व्य (prātipadika from पूर्व)

• अरेणवः: dustless, stainless
• अरेणवः: Viśeṣaṇa (qualifier of ‘paths’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अरेणु (a- + रेणु ‘dust’)

• सुकृताः: well-made, well-formed
• सुकृताः: Viśeṣaṇa (qualifier of ‘paths’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-कृत (prātipadika; PPP-like adjective)

• अन्तरिक्षे: in the mid-air/atmosphere
• अन्तरिक्षे: Adhikaraṇa (location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तरिक्ष (prātipadika)

• तेभिः: by/with those
• तेभिः: Karaṇa (instrument)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• नः: us, for us
• नः: Sampradāna (beneficiary) / Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• अद्य: today, now
• अद्य: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (avyaya)

• पथिभिः: with (the) paths
• पथिभिः: Karaṇa (instrument/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पथि (prātipadika; instr. pl. of path)

• सुगेभिः: easy, good to go by
• सुगेभिः: Viśeṣaṇa (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-ग (prātipadika; ‘good-going/easy’)

• रक्षा: protect
• रक्षा: Kriyā (main verb; requested action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रक्ष् (dhātu)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (avyaya)

• नः: us
• नः: Karma (object of ‘रक्षा’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• अधि: moreover; further
• अधि: Upasarga (preverb to ब्रूहि; sense ‘in addition/over and above’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधि (upasarga/avyaya)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (avyaya)

• ब्रूहि: speak, declare (to us)
• ब्रूहि: Kriyā (requested speech/blessing)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (dhātu)

• देव: O god
• देव: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (prātipadika)