Rig Veda 1.183.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 183, Mantra 4

Sukta 1.183

Devata: Aśvinau (Dasrā)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

मा वां वृको मा वृकीरा दधर्षीन्मा परि वर्क्तमुत माति धक्तम् । अयं वां भागो निहित इयं गीर्दस्राविमे वां निधयो मधूनाम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.183.4

Transliteration

mā́ vāṃ vṛ́ko mā́ vṛkī́r ā́ dadharṣīn mā́ pári varktam utá mā́ áti dhaktam | ayáṃ vāṃ bhā́go níhita iyáṃ gī́r dasrāv imé vāṃ nidháyo mádhūnām ||

Translation

Nicht soll euch der Wolf, nicht sollen euch die Wölfinnen anfallen; niemand soll euch umringen, niemand einholen und versengen. Hier ist euer Anteil niedergelegt; hier ist das Lied, o Wundertäter (Dasrā); dies sind eure niedergelegten Schätze der Süße (madhu).

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Word by Word

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) / mā́

• वाम्: you two
• वाम्: Karma (with implied verb ‘harm’ etc.)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (युवाम्)

• वृकः: the wolf
• वृकः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक (प्रातिपदिक) / vṛká-

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) / mā́

• वृकीः: she-wolves
• वृकीः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृकी (प्रातिपदिक) / vṛkī́-

• आ: towards; upon
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā́

• दधर्षीत्: may (it) not assail / did not dare to assail
• दधर्षीत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: धृष् (dhṛṣ) ‘to dare, assail’

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) / mā́

• परि: around
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) / pári

• वर्क्तम्: (you two) turn away / ward off
• वर्क्तम्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृज्/वर्ज्? (Vedic) → वर्क्त (PPP/adj. ‘to turn/ward off’); here as verb-form in injunctive/imperative usage

• उत: and; also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (अव्यय) / utá

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) / mā́

• अति: over; beyond
• अति: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) / áti

• धक्तम्: (you two) burn/harm
• धक्तम्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: धक्ष्/दह् (Vedic) ‘to burn, harm’ → धक्तम् (2du) अव. injunctive/imperative

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Kartā/Adhikaraṇa (deictic subject)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (प्रातिपदिक) / idám

• वाम्: of you two
• वाम्: Sampradāna/Śeṣa (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (युवाम्)

• भागः: share; portion
• भागः: Kartā (nominal predicate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाग (प्रातिपदिक) / bhāgá-

• निहितः: placed; deposited
• निहितः: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (result state)
• Type: Participle/Adjective
• Root: नि-धा (dhā) ‘to place’ → निहित (PPP) / nihitá-

• इयम्: this
• इयम्: Kartā/Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (प्रातिपदिक) / idám

• गीः: song; hymn
• गीः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिर्/गी (प्रातिपदिक) / gī́r-

• दस्रा: O wondrous ones (Aśvins)
• दस्रा: Sambodhana
• Type: Adjective (vocative epithet)
• Root: दस्र (प्रातिपदिक) / dasrá-

• अविमे: here (are) these
• अविमे: — / Kartā (for ‘इमे’)
• Type: Indeclinable + Pronoun
• Root: अवि + इमे (Vedic sandhi/combination) → ‘अवि’ (particle ‘here/now’ in Vedic) + ‘इमे’

• वाम्: of you two
• वाम्: Śeṣa (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (युवाम्)

• निधयः: treasures; deposits
• निधयः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: निधि (प्रातिपदिक) / nidhí-

• मधूनाम्: of honey; of sweetness
• मधूनाम्: Śeṣa (genitive: ‘of honey/sweetness’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु (प्रातिपदिक) / mádhu-