Rig Veda 1.122.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 122, Mantra 3

Sukta 1.122

Devata: Indra–Parvata; with Vāta and the Waters; and the Viśve Devāḥ

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ममत्तु नः परिज्मा वसर्हा ममत्तु वातो अपां वृषण्वान् । शिशीतमिन्द्रापर्वता युवं नस्तन्नो विश्वे वरिवस्यन्तु देवाः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.122.3

Transliteration

mámattu naḥ párijmā vasarhā́ mámattu vā́to apā́ṁ vṛ́ṣaṇvān | śiśītám indrā́parvatā yuváṁ nas tán no víśve varivasyantu devā́ḥ ||

Translation

Möge uns die allhin wandernde Kraft erfreuen, möge uns der starke Wind der Wasser erfreuen, der Stier in den Fluten. O Indra und Parvata, schärft uns die Mächte des Seins. Dann mögen alle Götter uns weiten Raum bereiten — Raum für freien Gang und sieghaftes Werden.

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Word by Word

• ममतु: let (him/it) gladden / rejoice
• ममतु: — (finite verb; governs subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मद् (मदति ‘to be exhilarated, rejoice’)

• नः: for us / our
• नः: Sampradāna (beneficiary) / relation to verb
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• परिज्मा: the all-encompassing one / encircler
• परिज्मा: Kartā (subject of ममतु)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: परिज्मन्- (prātipadika; ‘encircler, encompassing one’; epithet)

• वसर्हा: the wealth-strong one (bestower of riches/strength)
• वसर्हा: Kartā (in apposition to परिज्मा)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वसर्हन्- (prātipadika; epithet, lit. ‘winning/bringing wealth and strength’)

• ममतु: let (him) gladden / rejoice
• ममतु: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मद्

• वातः: the Wind
• वातः: Kartā (subject of ममतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात-

• अपाम्: of the waters
• अपाम्: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (genitival relation to वृषण्वान्) / source-domain
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्- (waters)

• वृषण्वान्: vigorous, potent
• वृषण्वान्: Kartā (in apposition to वातः) / qualifier
• Type: Adjective (present participial stem used adjectivally)
• Root: वृषण्वन्त्- (adj. ‘vigorous, virile, potent’)

• शिशीतम्: sharpen (yourselves) / make keen
• शिशीतम्: — (finite verb; governs dual subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शा/शी (शिनाति/शयति in later; Vedic √शि ‘to sharpen, whet’; caus./intens. sense in usage) → शिशीति ‘he sharpens’

• इन्द्रापर्वता: O Indra and Parvata
• इन्द्रापर्वता: Sambodhana (addressed) / implied Kartā of शिशीतम्
• Type: Noun (dvandva compound, vocative address)
• Root: इन्द्र- + पर्वत-

• युवम्: you two
• युवम्: Kartā (explicit subject of शिशीतम्)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• नः: for us
• नः: Sampradāna (beneficiary)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (object of वरिवस्यन्तु) / resumptive ‘that (boon)’
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्

• नः: for us
• नः: Sampradāna (beneficiary)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• विश्वे: all
• विश्वे: Kartā (subject of वरिवस्यन्तु)
• Type: Adjective used substantively
• Root: विश्व-

• वरिवस्यन्तु: let them grant favor / make free space / show kindness
• वरिवस्यन्तु: — (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृ (वृणोति/वृणुते) with desiderative/denominative formation वरिवस्यति ‘to seek/procure wide space, favor; to do service’)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Kartā (in apposition to विश्वे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव-