Rig Veda 1.116.18 — Mandala 1, Sukta 116, Mantra 18
Sukta 1.116
Rishi: Dīrghatamas Āucathya (traditional attribution)
Devata: Aśvinau (Nāsatyā)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यदयातं दिवोदासाय वर्तिर्भरद्वाजायाश्विना हयन्ता । रेवदुवाह सचनो रथो वां वृषभश्च शिंशुमारश्च युक्ता ॥
Transliteration
yád ayā́taṁ divodā́sāya vartír bharádvājāyāśvinā háyantā | revád uvāha sacanó rátho vām vṛṣabháś ca śiṁśumā́raś ca yuktā́ ||
Translation
Als ihr kamt, o Aśvins, schnell im Lenken, zu Divodāsa und zu Bharadvāja, den Weg bahnend, da trug euer Wagen, in Gefährtenschaft dahingleitend, reichen Zuwachs; an ihn waren angeschirrt die Stier-Kraft und die Delfin-Macht — Energien der Stärke und des sicheren Übergangs durch die Wasser des Werdens.
Word by Word
यत्when/that which
यत्:
Adhikaraṇa (सम्बन्ध/हेतु-प्रस्तावक: ‘यत्…’)
TypeIndeclinable (relative pronoun used as conjunction)
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
अयातम्you two did not go / you two went not
अयातम्:
Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) + उपसर्ग अ- (निषेध/विपरीतार्थ) → अ-या
दिवोदासायto Divodāsa
दिवोदासाय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootदिवोदास (प्रा.)
वर्तिःa track/course (path)
वर्तिः:
Kartā (वाक्यांश-स्तर पर: ‘वर्तिः …’ = ‘the course/track…’)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ति (प्रा.; ‘मार्ग/वृत्ति/वर्तन’)
भरद्वाजायto Bharadvāja
भरद्वाजाय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootभरद्वाज (प्रा.)
अश्विनाO Aśvins (you two)
अश्विना:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootअश्विन् (प्रा.)
हयन्ताO swift ones
हयन्ता:
Sambodhana
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootहयन्त (प्रा.; ‘swift/impetuous’, from √हय/हय् ‘to hasten’ in Vedic usage)
रेवत्splendid, rich
रेवत्:
Karaṇa/Viśeṣaṇa (qualifier: ‘splendidly/with wealth’)
TypeAdjective
Rootरेवत् (प्रा.; ‘wealthy, splendid’)
उवाहcarried/bore
उवाह:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootवह् (धातु) + उपसर्ग उ-
सचनःa companion/associate
सचनः:
Kartā (उवाह का कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसचन (प्रा.; ‘companion, associate’; from √सच् ‘to accompany/attach’)
रथःchariot
रथः:
Kartā (समनाधिकरण: सचनः रथः = ‘the companion—(namely) the chariot’)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रा.)
वाम्of you two
वाम्:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (sarvanāma)
वृषभःbull
वृषभः:
Kartā (युक्ता/उवाह-सम्बद्ध सूची में)
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (प्रा.)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (avyaya)
शिंशुमारःśiṃśumāra (dolphin/porpoise; aquatic creature)
शिंशुमारः:
Kartā (युक्ता/उवाह-सम्बद्ध सूची में)
TypeNoun
Rootशिंशुमार (प्रा.)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (avyaya)
युक्ताyoked, harnessed
युक्ता:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa / Predicative (state: ‘were yoked’)
TypeParticiple (past passive participle)
Rootयुज् (धातु) → युक्त (कृदन्त)
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