Rig Veda 1.11.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 11, Mantra 3
Sukta 1.11
Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पूर्वीरिन्द्रस्य रातयो न वि दस्यन्त्यूतयः । यदी वाजस्य गोमतः स्तोतृभ्यो मंहते मघम् ॥
Transliteration
pūrvī́r indrasya rātáyo ná ví dasyanty ūtáyaḥ | yadī́ vā́jasya gó-mataḥ stotṛ́bhyo maṃháte mágham ||
Translation
Indras uralte Gaben und seine Hilfen versagen nicht. Wenn er den Sängern reichlich Anteil schenkt, ist es vāja, die Fülle der Kraft, reich an Lichtstrahlen, an „Kühen“ der Erkenntnis.
Word by Word
पूर्वीःmany, numerous (former/previous)
पूर्वीः:
कर्तृ (विषयः) — ‘(they) many/former’ qualifying रायतयः
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *per- ‘before’
इन्द्रस्यof Indra
इन्द्रस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — of Indra
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
रातयःgifts, bounties
रातयः:
कर्तृ — subject of ‘न … दस्यन्ति’
TypeNoun
Rootराति (प्रातिपदिक; from √रा/√रद् ‘to give’ in Vedic sense ‘gift, giving’)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
विapart, away; (intensifier with verb)
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootवि
दस्यन्ति(they) fail / are lacking
दस्यन्ति:
क्रिया — ‘do not fail/are not lacking’
TypeVerb
Root√दस्/दस्य् (Vedic) ‘to fail, be wanting; to be deficient/withhold’
ऊतयःhelps, protections
ऊतयः:
कर्तृ (समनाधिकरण/अपादान-भावे) — ‘helps’ in apposition/parallel with रायतयः
TypeNoun
Rootऊति (प्रातिपदिक; from √अव्/√ऊ ‘to help, protect’)
यदीwhen/if
यदी:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वाजस्यof the prize (strength, booty)
वाजस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — of prize/strength
TypeNoun
Rootवाज (प्रातिपदिक)
गोमतःrich in cows, cattle-possessing
गोमतः:
विशेषण-सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — qualifying वाजस्य
TypeAdjective
Rootगोमत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘possessing cows/wealth’)
स्तोतृभ्यःto the praisers
स्तोतृभ्यः:
सम्प्रदान — to/for the praisers
TypeNoun
Rootस्तोतृ (प्रातिपदिक; agent noun from √स्तु ‘to praise’)
मंहते(he) bestows, grants
मंहते:
क्रिया — ‘bestows’ (subject understood: इन्द्रः)
TypeVerb
Root√मंह्/महि (Vedic) ‘to grant, bestow; be bountiful’
मघम्bounty, gift
मघम्:
कर्म — what is bestowed
TypeNoun
Rootमघ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘gift, bounty, wealth’)
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