Valmiki Ramayana 2.112.2: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 112, Shloka 2

पादुकाप्रदानम्

The Gift of the Sandals and Delegated Kingship

Setting: Chitrakuta region (forest meeting site)Places named: ChitrakutaReunion and moral decision-point

Devanagari script

अन्तर्हिता मुनिगणास्सिद्धाश्च परमर्षयः ।

तौ भ्रातरौ महात्मानौ काकुत्स्थौ प्रशशंसिरे ॥२॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.112.2

Transliteration

antarhitā munigaṇāḥ siddhāś ca paramarṣayaḥ |

tau bhrātarau mahātmānau kākutsthau praśaśaṃsire ||2||

Translation

Unsichtbar dem Blick priesen Scharen von Munis, zusammen mit Siddhas und großen Rishis, jene beiden großherzigen Brüder aus dem Geschlecht der Kakutsthas.

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Word by Word

• अन्तर्हिताः: invisible/hidden
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्तर् + धा (धातु) → अन्तर्हित (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; मुनिगणाः/सिद्धाः/परमर्षयः इति विशेषणम्
• Role: कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subjects)

• मुनिगणाः: groups of sages
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि + गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: मुनिनां गणाः (hosts of sages)
• Role: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Compound: Tatpurusha

• सिद्धाः: siddhas
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिद्ध (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-निष्पन्न)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
• Role: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
• Role: समुच्चय (Coordinator)

• परमर्षयः: supreme sages
• Type: Noun
• Root: परम + ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: परमाः ऋषयः (supreme sages)
• Role: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Compound: Karmadharaya

• तौ: those two
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन
• Role: कर्म (Object)

• भ्रातरौ: two brothers
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; तौ इति विशेष्य
• Role: कर्म (Object; apposition to तौ)

• महात्मानौ: great-souled
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; भ्रातरौ इति विशेषणम्
• Role: विशेषण (Qualifier)

• काकुत्स्थौ: the Kakutsthas
• Type: Noun
• Root: काकुत्स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; वंश-नाम (epithet)
• Role: कर्म (Object; apposition)

• प्रशशंसिरे: praised
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + शंस् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद
• Role: क्रिया (Verb/predicate)

Sandhi Notes

• अन्तर्हिता = अन्तर् + हिता (r + h)
• मुनिगणास्सिद्धाः = मुनिगणाः + सिद्धाः (visarga before s becomes s: ḥ + s → ss)

Context

The hosts of sages, siddhas and devarshis watching invisible the two Kakutstha brothers extoled them.

The teaching

Righteousness draws unseen support; the virtuous are praised even by those beyond ordinary sight.

Ethical theme

Puṇya-prabhāva / dharma-prasaṃsā

Devotion and practice

Śravaṇa-smaraṇa of Rama’s mahātmatva; strengthens faith that dharma is upheld by the cosmos.

Deity praised

Rama (as dharmic ideal; implicitly divine)

Form of praise

Stuti (a hymn of praise)

Mood and themes

Rasa

Adbhuta (wonder), with Shanta (peace)

Mood

Numinous, benedictory, uplifting

Themes

• Dharma
• Maryada
• Itihasa
• Ethics
• Praise of virtue
• Divine witness

Symbolism

Relationships

Cross references

Meter and recitation

Characters & Entities

• siddha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Righteous conduct gains recognition even beyond human society; dharma is witnessed and affirmed by the wise (ṛṣis) and perfected beings.

What is the narrative situation?

As Rāma and Bharata engage in a moment charged with duty and kingship, unseen sages and celestial perfected beings observe and praise them.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Mahātmyam—great-souled nobility—shown through restraint, humility, and commitment to rightful duty.