Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 112, Shloka 3

पादुकाप्रदानम्

The Gift of the Sandals and Delegated Kingship

Devanagari script

स धन्यो यस्य पुत्रौ द्वौ धर्मज्ञौ धर्मविक्रमौ।श्रुत्वा वयं हि सम्भाषामुभयोस्स्पृहयामहे।।2.112.3।।

Transliteration

sa dhanyo yasya putrau dvau dharmajñau dharmavikramau | śrutvā vayaṃ hi sambhāṣām ubhayoḥ spṛhayāmahe || 2.112.3 ||

Translation

Wahrlich gesegnet ist, wessen zwei Söhne das Dharma kennen und deren Tapferkeit im Dharma gründet; denn nachdem wir das Gespräch der beiden vernommen haben, erfüllt uns tiefe ehrfürchtige Bewunderung für sie beide.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• धन्यः: fortunate
• धन्यः: विधेय (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सः इति विशेषणम्

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-सूचक (relative pronoun)

• पुत्रौ: two sons
• पुत्रौ: कर्ता (Subject of implied 'are')
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन

• द्वौ: two
• द्वौ: विशेषण (Numeral qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; संख्या-विशेषण

• धर्मज्ञौ: knowers of dharma
• धर्मज्ञौ: विशेषण (Qualifier of पुत्रौ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; तत्पुरुष: धर्मं जानाति इति (knowing righteousness)

• धर्मविक्रमौ: whose prowess is righteousness
• धर्मविक्रमौ: विशेषण (Qualifier of पुत्रौ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म + विक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; तत्पुरुष: धर्मे विक्रमः यस्य (whose valor is in dharma)

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive): having heard

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• हि: indeed
• हि: बल (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle; emphasis)

• सम्भाषाम्: conversation
• सम्भाषाम्: कर्म (Object of श्रुत्वा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्भाषा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• उभयोः: of both (of them)
• उभयोः: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध (Genitive: 'of both')
• Type: Noun
• Root: उभ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (genitive), द्विवचन; सर्वनाम

• स्पृहयामहे: we long for/admire
• स्पृहयामहे: क्रिया (Verb/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्पृह् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (present), उत्तम-पुरुष (1st person), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद

Context

On hearing their dialogue we are deeply drawn towards them, these two sons of king Dasaratha who was fortunate to have these practioners of righteousness and whose strength is dharma.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Rāma
• Bharata
• dharma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is presented as both knowledge and power: true excellence is to understand righteousness and to let one’s strength be governed by it, not by impulse or ambition.

What is the narrative situation?

People present witness the noble exchange between Rāma and Bharata and praise Daśaratha’s fortune in having two dharma-centered sons.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Mutual reverence and dharmic restraint—both brothers display moral clarity and self-control, making their conduct worthy of admiration.