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Atharva Veda 5.19.8: Kanda 5, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 19, Mantra 8

Sukta 19

तद् वै रा॒ष्ट्रमा स्र॑वति॒ नावं॑ भि॒न्नामि॑वोद॒कम्। ब्र॒ह्माणं॒ यत्र॒ हिंस॑न्ति॒ तद् रा॒ष्ट्रं ह॑न्ति दु॒च्छुना॑

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 5.19.8

tád vái rāṣṭrám ā́ sravati nā́vaṃ bhinnā́m ivódakám | bráhmāṇaṃ yátra híṃsanti tád rāṣṭráṃ hánti duḥchúnā ||

Verily that realm runneth out and away, as water from a boat that is cloven. Where men do violence unto the Brahman, that realm—by evil ill-luck—he smiteth down.

Wahrlich, jenes Reich rinnt davon, wie Wasser aus einem gespaltenen Boot. Wo man dem Brahmanen Gewalt antut, da schlägt böse Unheilsmacht, schlimmes Geschick, jenes Reich nieder.

तत्that (kingdom/realm)
तत्:
Karma (अनुवर्तते: ‘हन्ति’ इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वैindeed, verily
वै:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (निपात)
राष्ट्रम्kingdom, realm
राष्ट्रम्:
Kartā (स्रवति इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards, forth
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
स्रवतिflows, runs off
स्रवति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√स्रु (स्रवति)
नावम्a boat
नावम्:
Upamā/उपमान (इव-सम्बन्धः) / Karma (इवोदकम् इत्यत्र उपमान-आधारः)
TypeNoun
Rootनौ (स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिक; अव. ‘नाव्/नौ’)
भिन्नाम्split, broken
भिन्नाम्:
—
TypeAdjective (past participle)
Root√भिद् (क्त-प्रत्यय; ‘भिन्न’)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
उदकम्water
उदकम्:
Upamā/उपमेय (स्रवति इत्यस्य उपमा) / Kartā (उपमावाक्ये ‘उदकं स्रवति’)
TypeNoun
Rootउदक (प्रातिपदिक)
ब्रह्माणम्the brahmin / sacred power (Brahman)
ब्रह्माणम्:
Karma (हिंसन्ति इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र (अव्यय-सम्बन्ध)
हिंसन्तिthey harm, injure
हिंसन्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√हिंस् (हिंसति)
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (हन्ति इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
राष्ट्रम्kingdom
राष्ट्रम्:
Karma (हन्ति इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
हन्तिkills, destroys
हन्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (हन्ति)
दुच्छुनाby evil contagion/ill-luck, by a malignant affliction
दुच्छुना:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun (abstract/instrumental)
Rootदुच्छुना (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दुः-छुना’ इति निघण्टु-परम्परायां ‘दुष्ट-छुना/दुष्ट-क्षति’ अर्थे)

Rishi: Traditionally Atharvanic/Angirasa attribution for this political-ethical hymn (to be verified against Anukramaṇī for AVŚ 5.19)

Devata: Brahman (sacral power) and the moral order sustaining the rāṣṭra; duḥchunā as baneful counter-force

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (predominant in AV political/ethical stanzas; to be confirmed by metrical count)

Primary: bhayankara

Secondary: shanta

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