Atharva Veda 4.4.3: Kanda 4, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 4, Mantra 3

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यथा॑ स्म ते वि॒रोह॑तो॒ऽभित॑प्तमि॒वान॑ति । तत॑स्ते॒ शुष्म॑वत्तरमि॒यं कृ॑णो॒त्वोष॑धिः

IAST Transliteration

yáthā sma te viróhato ’bhitaptám iva ánati | tátas te śúṣma-vattaram iyáṁ kṛṇotu óṣadhiḥ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

As, indeed, while it springs for thee it pants as though all-heated, so therefrom let this herb make for thee a vigor yet more vigorous.

Translation

Wie sie wahrlich, wenn sie für dich emporwächst, keucht, als wäre sie ganz erhitzt — so mache dir von dorther dieses Kraut eine Kraft, noch kräftiger.

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Word by Word

• यथा: just as
• यथा: Adhikaraṇa (उपमान-सम्बन्धे) / वाक्य-सम्बन्धक
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (avyaya)

• स्म: indeed; (emphatic particle)
• स्म: — (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्म (avyaya)

• ते: for you / of you
• ते: Sampradāna (हिते ‘for you’) / सम्बन्ध (genitive) संदर्भानुसार
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• विरोहतः: of the sprouting (one/plant)
• विरोहतः: सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘of the sprouting (plant)’
• Type: Participle (Adjective/Noun)
• Root: वि-रुह् (धातु) → विरोहन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• अभितप्तम्: scorched; heated
• अभितप्तम्: Karma (उपमान-वस्तु) / विशेष्य-विशेषणभावे
• Type: Adjective (past passive participle)
• Root: अभि-तप् (धातु) → तप्त (क्त)

• इव: as if; like
• इव: — (उपमान-चिह्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (avyaya)

• अनति: breathes/moves; stirs
• अनति: Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया) — कर्ता: (विरोहन्/ओषधिः) संदर्भे
• Type: Verb
• Root: अन् (धातु) / अन्- (to breathe/move) → अनति

• ततः: thereupon; from that
• ततः: Apādāna/Hetu (तस्मात्) / वाक्य-सम्बन्धक
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (avyaya; तद्-तस्)

• ते: for you / of you
• ते: Sampradāna (हिते) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• शुष्मवत्तरम्: more vigorous; stronger
• शुष्मवत्तरम्: Karma (कृणोतु का कर्म?) — ‘(it) stronger’
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुष्मवत् (प्रातिपदिक) + तर (तुलनात्मक)

• इयम्: this
• इयम्: Kartā (कृणोतु का?) — ‘this (herb)’
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्

• कृणोतु: may (she/it) make; let (it) make
• कृणोतु: Kriyā (विध्यर्थक) — कर्ता: इयम्/ओषधिः
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• ओषधिः: the herb; medicinal plant
• ओषधिः: Kartā (कृणोतु की?) — ‘the herb’ (apposition to इयम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओषधि (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (not specified in excerpt)

Devata: Oṣadhi (herb) as agent of śuṣma

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; to be confirmed)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: vira